Archives ouvertes de l'université catholique de l'Ouest
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Le symptôme du typhus et le mode de jouissance à l’épreuve de la création chez le peintre surréaliste Joan Miró
No full textInternational audienceIl s’agit dans cet article de proposer une lecture clinique du symptôme et des modalités de jouissance chez le peintre Joan Miró. Son œuvre surréaliste vient interroger la manière avec laquelle sa création interagit avec son symptôme lié au typhus dont il fût atteint juste avant ses débuts dans la peinture. Il consiste à voir comment le syndrome du typhus se représente dans son œuvre et les modalités de jouissance mises en place. Cette lecture psychanalytique renvoie à la place de la position psychique du créateur et l’analyse de ses représentations. Elle permet de voir comment le symptôme de Joan Miró est en lien avec son processus créateur et une jouissance proche de celle du « mystique » que souligne Lacan. Elle permet également de mettre en lumière l’importance de l’intérêt pour l’art dans l’évolution de la psychanalyse
Vieillir dans le regard des autres : apports psychosociologiques sur le well-aging et la beauté
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Growth of the seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) Collins & Hervey in response to local seasonal and abiotic factors variations in Madagascar in the context of climate change
No full textInternational audienceEucheuma denticulatum is a key resource in Madagascar for its iota-carrageenan production and it provides in-come to coastal communities. This study investigates the ecological and biochemical dynamics of E. denticulatumalong the east coast of Madagascar in relation to seasonal variations and abiotic factors. Conducted between2021 and 2022 on Sainte Marie Island, the research integrates environmental, physiological, and biochemicalanalyses to optimize cultivation practices. Results demonstrate that abiotic drivers (temperature, salinity, solarradiation, and nutrient availability) exert an influence on growth performance, biochemical composition, andreproductive cycles. The year 2022, characterized by warmer and more stable climatic conditions, recordedhigher growth rates (+10% biomass) compared with 2021. Seasonal trends were also observed in biochemicalcomposition: total sugars, particularly galactose, sulfate groups, and 3,6-anhydrogalactose, were identified as keyindicators of carrageenan quality, with optimal values recorded during warmer months. Reproductive moni-toring revealed a dominance of spermatangial thalli in October-November and the absence of cystocarps, sug-gesting a predominance of sporophytic reproduction under cultivation. Multivariate analyses further identifiedsolar radiation and temperature as the main factors stimulating growth. These findings highlight the criticalimportance of aligning farming practices with seasonal cycles to maximize biomass yield and carrageenanquality. Beyond its industrial value, the sustainable development of E. denticulatum farming could also contributeto strengthening local food security in Madagascar in response to ongoing nutritional challenges
Éthique et Philosophie Pratique : En-Quête de Soi pour Sujets autistes au langage altéré
No full textInternational audienceAs part of an inclusive approach to society, the Participe 3.0 programme uses virtual reality artefacts to help young autistic people living in medical and social institutions to find a home in the heart of the city. Freely chosen, dwelling involves a profound “identity journey, a space through which we can become ourselves”3.So, our research promotes the decision-making autonomy of vulnerable subjects, for whom verbalisation and self-awareness remain patchy. This philosophical quest raises major ethical issues: how can we make our identity heard without the deictic of words, without a subject capable of saying ΄‘I’’?If “possessing the I elevates man infinitely above all other living beings”4, what educational praxis, what comprehensive epistemology, what virtualised tools can the researcher use to engage in an unprecedented dialogue with autistic individuals with impaired language?Dans une visée sociétale inclusive, le programme Participe 3.0 accompagne, via des artefacts de réalité virtuelle, de jeunes autistes résidant en institution médicosociale, vers un habitat au coeur de la Cité. Librement choisi, l’Habitat engage un profond «cheminement identitaire, un espace à travers lequel on peut devenir soi»1.Ainsi, notre recherche promeut l’autonomie décisionnelle de sujets vulnérables, pour lesquels la verbalisation et la conscience de soi restent parcellaires. Dans cette quête philosophique, se posent des enjeux éthiques majeurs: comment faire entendre son identité sans la déictique des mots, sans un sujet capable de dire ‘‘Je’’?.Si «posséder le Je élève l'homme infiniment au-dessus de tous les autres êtres vivants»2, par quelle praxis éducative, quelle épistémologie compréhensive, quels outils virtualisés le chercheur peut-il engager un dialogue inédit avec des individus autistes au langage altéré
Heart rate increase results in case of positional venous entrapment
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Tachycardia has previously been reported as a possible sign of neurovascular entrapment during upper-limb abduction and assumed to result from compression of the adrenergic nerve. However, this increase in heart rate could also be caused by a vascular factor, such as venous entrapment. The aim of this study was to determine whether heart rate increases specifically in the case of venous entrapment during upper-limb dynamic mobilization tasks.Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients were asked to perform a provocative manoeuvre consisting of consecutive upper limb mobilizations by raising their arms to the "surrender" position (Su, 90°abduction) and then keeping their arms raised in front of the body ("prayer" position, Pra) prior to returning to the initial position ("End"). During this manoeuvre, simultaneous venous (V-PPG) and arterial (A-PPG) photoplethysmography (PPG) recordings were obtained. Participants were categorized by PPG recording analysis as having bilateral venous compression only (V-group) or having no vascular compression (C-group). All other responses (n = 75) were excluded. Heart rate responses in V-group and C-group were compared across arm positions using a linear mixed model.Results: V-group (n = 17) showed a significantly higher heart rate during the 'Su' phase compared to the 'Rest' phase (+6.9 bpm, p < 0.001) and compared to the 24 patients of the C-group (+4.9 bpm, p = 0.02).Conclusion: This study suggests that the cardiovascular response to dynamic provocative manoeuvres is found specifically in the presence of positional venous upper-limb entrapment and likely results from decreased cardiac pre-charge rather than from adrenergic nerve excitation
Fieldwork as inquiry in management research: dancing with the field
No full textInternational audienceMost approaches to qualitative research methods in management and organization studies (MOS) implicitly enact spatial perspectives, crystallized in the idea of “accessing the field”. Field sites are thus performed as objective spaces in which research takes place. In this paper, we set out to challenge this spatial perspective by developing a processual approach that conceptualizes fieldwork as ‘inquiry’ as defined by John Dewey. To this end, we draw on an inter-case analysis of four independent research projects to demonstrate the processual, fluid, continuous, and shared constitution of a field of inquiry. We call this alternative approach ‘dancing with the field’. It allows us to move beyond the highly spatialized notion of access to the field and to materialize orprioritize different forms of relationality. We understand ‘accessing the field’ and ‘dancing with the field’ as two intertwined and complementary modes of both attachment to and detachment from the field
Veille
No full textNational audienceVeille normative et juridique en assurance et responsabilité civile janvier 2026: accident du travail, caisse de garantie des notaires, commercialisation à distance des services financiers, loi du 17 janvier 197
Combien de balais pour une sorcière ?: Approche anthropo-analytique de la sorcierisation des femmes vieillissantes dans le contexte social contemporain
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