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When helping hurts: Commercial soil amendments trigger soil dysbiosis and impair Douglas fir reforestation
No full textInternational audienceEurope's 3-billion-tree reforestation plan relies on degraded agricultural lands. Commercial microbial amendments promise a quick fix, but do they work? This one-year field study on 90 Douglas fir trees reveals a darker reality: treatments triggered ecosystem collapse, not recovery
Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ruminant Ticks in Senegal Using High‐Throughput Microfluidic Real‐Time PCR
No full textInternational audienceTicks are major vectors of numerous pathogens affecting both livestock and humans. In Senegal, data on the diversity of tick‐borne pathogens (TBPs) in ruminant‐associated ticks remain limited. In total, 1703 ticks were collected from goats, sheep, and cattle across three ecological zones of Senegal (Sudanian, Sahelian, and Sudano‐Sahelian). Tick species were identified morphologically, and 300 individuals were screened for 36 microorganisms using a high‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR system. DNA was successfully extracted and amplified from 289 ticks. The most abundant species were Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (32.3%), Hyalomma truncatum (19.6%), R. guilhoni (15.6%), H. rufipes (11.6%), and Amblyomma variegatum (11.0%). Among the screened ticks, 226 (78.9%) were positive for at least one microorganism. True pathogens of veterinary and/or zoonotic importance included Anaplasma ovis (30.8%), Coxiella spp. (23.9%), Rickettsia aeschlimannii (13.1%), Theileria spp. (11.1%), and Ehrlichia canis (4.8%), with sporadic detections of Anaplasma marginale , A. bovis , and Babesia spp. (0.3% each). In addition, non‐pathogenic Francisella ‐like endosymbionts (FLEs) were detected at high prevalence (37.4%) across all ecological zones. The presence of TBPs and/or endosymbionts was significantly associated only with the tick’s host in the multivariable logistic regression model. Ticks collected from goats (OR = 7.82; p = 0.024) and sheep (OR = 7.70; p = 0.015) were significantly more likely to be infected than those collected from cattle (reference group). A total of 96 cases of microorganism co‐occurrence were recorded across different tick species. Co‐infections were more frequent in ticks collected from the Sudano‐Sahelian zone (48.2%) and in those from sheep (32.0%). None of the detected microorganism species showed a significant associated with tick sex. This study represents the first large‐scale molecular survey of TBPs in ruminant‐associated ticks in Senegal, revealing both a high diversity of pathogens and a widespread presence of tick endosymbionts. While endosymbionts, such as FLEs, are not known to be pathogenic, their abundance may influence tick physiology and vector competence. The detection of zoonotic pathogens, such as E. canis and R. aeschlimannii , underscores the need to strengthen tick surveillance and investigate their potential public health implications
Matériaux thermoélectriques - Science, technologie et applications
No full textLes réfrigérateurs et générateurs thermoélectriques font partie des nouveaux modes de réfrigération ou de production d’électricité verte. Dans le contexte actuel de crise environnementale, ces dispositifs sont donc envisagés pour de la climatisation ou de la production d'électricité à partir de chaleur perdue. Cependant, les matériaux qui les constituent incorporent des éléments chimiques rares ou bien présentent des performances insuffisantes pour permettre le développement de toutes les applications envisagées. Aussi, la recherche vise à en découvrir de nouveaux et il est ainsi proposé dans cet article un état de l’art des matériaux thermoélectriques
A bridging-domain approach for multiscale modeling of anisotropic fracture in large-scaleheterogeneous structures
No full textInternational audienceThe prediction of the mechanical response of strongly heterogeneous structures containing defects critically depends on accurately capturing crack nucleation at micro scale. Fully resolved (high-fidelity) models are costly, whereas homogenized approaches may fail to represent initiation near heterogeneities. An efficient multiscale method is proposed in this work to simulate crack nucleation and propagation by bridging a high-fidelity micro-subdomain, dedicated to initiation, with a homogenized macro-subdomain used for propagation. The two subdomains overlap, may be discretized with nonconforming meshes, and are coupled through an energy-based formulation. The main contribution lies in the use, at the macro scale, of a surrogate anisotropic damage model constructed offline within the DDHAD (Data-Driven Harmonic Analysis of Damage) framework. This model reproduces direction-dependent crack propagation, while nucleation is resolved at the micro scale by the high-fidelity model. Significant computational speed-ups are achieved as compared to high-resolution simulations of the entire structure, and by accurately capturing initiation of the cracks in the microstructure. Examples on heterogeneous media exhibiting strong preferred crack orientations are presented to illustrate the potential of the approach
De la production à l’exploration : la “danse infernale”1 de la coopération inter-organisation
No full textInternational audienceEn utilisant la série télévisée Étoile (2025) comme un terrain de recherche réel, cet article analyse les dynamiques de coopération inter-organisationnelle (Segrestin, 2006) entre deux compagnies de danse décrites comme des organisations hybrides (Pache & Santos, 2021) à vocation d’excellence. Pour réaliser cette analyse, nous avons fait un visionnage séquencé de la série, et en avons extraits des verbatims et une analyse des récits de vie. L’article montre qu’un partenariat de production qui mute en partenariat d’exploration accroit les tensions institutionnelles, artistiques et managériales. Cela conduit les organisations partenaires à reconfigurer leurs dispositifs gestionnaires et à transformer leur gouvernance, mettant, ainsi, en oeuvre les capacités des organisations hybrides à intégrer les tensions dans une logique d’apprentissage collectif et d’innovation. L’article montre enfin que les partenariats d’exploration, lorsqu’ils sont conclus dans des organisations hybrides à vocation d’excellence, contribuent à l’évolution de leur raison d’être et de leurs modes de gouvernance
From non-specific biomarker to targeted action: transdiagnostic and sex-specific drivers of high-CRP status in severe mental illness across the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise (FACE) cohorts
No full textInternational audienceBackground and objectives: Low-grade systemic inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of severe mental illness (SMI) in a substantial subset of patients, who often experience greater disease burden and poorer treatment response. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), defined as CRP ≥ 3 mg/L, has been proposed to identify this group, but its non-specificity limits the biomarker's ability to guide targeted intervention. We aimed to determine the most consistent drivers of high CRP across bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD), and to translate these into clinically actionable intervention targets using robust data-driven methods.Methods: We pooled and harmonised data from three large French national SMI cohorts (n = 7149: 4797 bipolar disorder, 1958 schizophrenia and 394 resistant major depression) and classified participants by CRP ≥ 3 mg/L, as well as an alternative cut-off of 5 mg/L. We applied penalised logistic regression (PLR), random forests (RF) and unsupervised clustering, using 28 biopsychosocial variables to identify robust drivers of high-CRP status. We then grouped these into actionable targets and assessed relative dominance.Results: In total, 30.16% of participants had CRP ≥ 3 mg/L. PLR identified female sex (OR [95% CI]: 1.60 [1.27, 1.93]), higher BMI (OR: 1.09 [1.07, 1.13]), current nicotine dependence (OR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.09]), lower HDL cholesterol (OR: 0.57 [0.44, 0.73]) and smoking (ex-smoker status OR: 0.84 [0.66, 0.98]) as consistent drivers. RF highlighted a similar set of key drivers, also including waist circumference, triglycerides and cardiovascular comorbidities. Clustering of the high-CRP group was almost entirely driven by smoking status and nicotine dependence. When grouped into actionable targets, the identified drivers accounted for 16% of variance in CRP status, with obesity emerging as most dominant contributor. This pattern was most pronounced in females; in males it was more diffuse, with a more prominent role for smoking.Conclusions: We propose a decision tree framework where CRP can serve as a first-line screening marker for inflammation in SMI, with subsequent steps focusing on the main contributing factors to guide targeted interventions. Priority should be given to targeting obesity and metabolic dysregulation. Among females, hyperuricemia represents the next most appropriate target, whereas in males, smoking warrants greater attention. This stepwise approach provides a route from a nonspecific biomarker to targeted treatment strategies and should be validated in prospective studies
La numérisation des forces terrestres - Une étude de cas pédagogique parfaite pour l’enseignement du management des systèmes d’information
No full textNational audienceDepuis 2020, la numérisation des forces terrestres (NFT) fait l’objet d’une étude de cas pédagogique dans deux enseignements de management des systèmes d’information (MSI) à l’IAE Paris-Est, l’école universitaire de management de l’Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC)1. En effet, son historique, particulièrement riche et documenté, permet de proposer aux étudiants d’appréhender la NFT grâce aux notions théoriques du MSI. Notre communication présente cette étude de cas. Dans un 1er temps, nous expliquons le contexte et la structure du dispositif pédagogique. Dans une 2nde partie, nous abordons les thématiques traitées dans cet exercice
Innovative Intelligent Industrial Production and Logistics, 6th IFAC/INSTICC International Conference: IN4PL 2025, Marbella, Spain, October 23–24, 2025, Proceedings, Part I and Part II
No full textInternational audienceThese two volumes (CCIS 2425-6) contain the proceedings of the 6th IFAC/INSTICC International Conference on Innovative Intelligent Industrial Production and Logistics. This year, IN4PL was held in Marbella, Spain, on October 23–24, 2025. It was co- sponsored by the Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication (INSTICC) and the International Federation of Automatic Control. It was technically co-sponsored by the IEEE Industry Applications Society. IN4PL 2025 was also organised in cooperation with the ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence and the ACM Special Interest Group on Simulation and Modelling. This conference focuses on research and development involving innovative methods, software and hardware, whereby intelligent systems are applied to industrial production and logistics. This is currently related to the concept of Industry 4.0 — an expression reflecting the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technolo- gies and processes, which include cyber-physical systems, the Industrial Internet of Things, industrial robotics, cloud computing, cognitive computing and artificial intelli- gence. These technologies can be applied to industrial manufacturing and management as well as to supply-chain or logistics problems, involving, for example, transportation management or the optimisation of operations. IN4PL 2025 received 58 paper submissions from 25 countries, of which 19 (33%) were accepted and published as full papers. Additionally, 25 papers were accepted and published as short papers. A double-blind paper review was performed for each sub- mission by at least 2, but usually 3 or more, members of the International Program Committee, which was composed of established researchers and domain experts. The high quality of the IN4PL 2025 program was enhanced by the keynote lectures delivered by distinguished speakers who are renowned experts in their fields: Yannick Naudet (Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg), Paulo Jorge Pinto Leitao (Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal) and Armando Walter Colombo (Institute for Industrial Informatics, Automation and Robotics (I2AR), University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Germany). The conference was complemented by the 19th IFAC/IFIP International Workshop on Enterprise Integration, Interoperability and Networking, chaired by Qing Li (Tsinghua University, P.R. China), Yannick Naudet (LIST, Luxembourg) and Hervé Panetto (University of Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, France). All presented papers will be submitted for indexing by DBLP, Google Scholar, EI- Compendex, INSPEC, Japanese Science and Technology Agency, Norwegian Register for Scientific Journals and Series, Mathematical Reviews, SCImago, Scopus, zbMATH and Web of Science/Conference Proceedings Citation Index. Several awards, based on the combined marks from the paper review process, as assessed by the Program Committee, and the quality of the presentation, as assessed by session chairs at the conference venue, were conferred at the conference’s closing session as recognition for the best contributions. The program for this conference required the dedicated effort of many people. Firstly, we must thank the authors, whose research efforts are reported here
Exploring eight-year trajectories of diet-related environmental pressures in the NutriNet-Santé cohort
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Few studies have explored individual diet-related environmental pressure changes, beyond greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) and land occupation (LO). This study evaluates the trajectories in several environmental impacts of diets among 8,905 French adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort, who completed food frequency questionnaires (distinguishing organic vs. conventional foods) in 2014, 2018, and 2022. Six environmental indicators—GHGe, LO, energy demand, ecological infrastructure use, water use, and pesticide use—were estimated at the farm perimeter using a multi-source approach. Latent class models identified trajectories for a composite environmental pressure index (EPI) and each indicator, and mixed models adjusted for energy intake and sex modeled the trajectories. On average, most environmental pressures decreased over time (e.g., GHGe by -12%, water use by -1%), indicating a general improvement. However, ecological infrastructure also declined (-9%), which represents a negative outcome as it is linked to biodiversity. Two to four trajectory profiles were identified per indicator, with most individuals showing stable or modestly decreasing trends. Four EPI trajectories emerged: increasing EPI profiles were associated with higher meat consumption, whereas decreasing EPI reflected shifts toward more plant-based diets. Despite potential awareness of the importance of sustainable diets, this study reveals that most individuals show moderate improvements in their diet-related environmental pressures, with only a very small fraction showing important decreases
