OJS Samar State University
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Towards Inclusive Physical Education: Assessing the Readiness of PE Teachers in the Philippines
Full text linkThis study assessed the preparedness of Physical Education (PE) teachers in the Philippines for inclusive education, focusing on training, experience, attitudes, and professional development needs. A descriptive-comparative design was used to analyze data from 35 PE teachers across public and private schools. Results showed high preparedness in attitudes and self-efficacy (M = 3.95, SD = 0.31) but moderate levels in training and experience (M = 3.19, SD = 0.32), highlighting the need for further capacity-building. Professional development needs ranked highest (M = 4.39, SD = 0.03), emphasizing a strong demand for continuous learning. Younger teachers scored highest in training needs, while experienced teachers relied on confidence and strategies. No significant differences in preparedness were found based on sex (p = 0.165), years of experience (p = 0.335), or grade levels taught (p = 0.115). Public elementary school teachers showed the highest preparedness, whereas public high school teachers faced more challenges due to curriculum constraints. These findings highlight the need for targeted training and institutional support to strengthen inclusive PE practices. The study contributes to achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 by promoting inclusive education
Employability and Occupational Alignment of College of Arts and Sciences Graduates of Samar State University
Full text linkHigher education institutions are increasingly expected to demonstrate the employability and labor market relevance of their graduates. This study assessed the employability, occupational relevance, and early career outcomes of graduates from the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) of Samar State University, covering cohorts from 2018 to 2021. Using a descriptive quantitative research design, data were collected from 485 graduates of the BS Information Technology, BS Information System, BS Psychology, and BS Statistics programs through a structured survey adapted from the Commission on Higher Education Graduate Tracer Study. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were employed to analyze employment status, duration of job search, occupational distribution based on the Philippine Standard Occupational Classification, industry sector placement, initial earnings, and reasons for unemployment. Results indicated generally favorable employability outcomes, particularly among BS Statistics and BS Information Technology graduates, although variations across programs and cohorts were observed. While many graduates were employed in highly relevant professional and technical occupations, instances of occupational mismatch and underemployment persisted, especially among BS Information System graduates. Initial earnings were largely modest, reflecting entry-level employment and regional labor market conditions. Unemployment was primarily attributed to limited job opportunities, lack of work experience, and personal circumstances. The findings underscore the need for continuous curriculum enhancement, strengthened academe–industry linkages, and improved career development services to support effective school-to-work transitions and sustained graduate employability
Adapting Internship Programs to Global Disruptions: Lived Experiences of Student-Trainees in a Higher Education Institution in Samar, Philippines
Full text linkGlobal disruptions have significantly impacted traditional internship programs, prompting higher education institutions to adopt modular and online approaches to sustain learning. This qualitative study explores the lived experiences of student-trainees in on-the-job training programs at a higher education institution in Samar during a period of restricted face-to-face interactions. Using a phenomenological design, in-depth interviews revealed six key themes: lack of experiential learning, teaching-learning gaps, resource constraints, abrupt transitions, challenges with independent learning, and time management difficulties. The participants’ narratives highlighted the absence of hands-on experiences and limited opportunities to bridge theory and practice, which hindered their preparedness for professional work. Resource challenges, including unreliable internet access and financial constraints, further compounded their struggles, while adapting to independent learning and managing personal distractions proved equally challenging. Despite these obstacles, the trainees demonstrated resilience and adaptability, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches to internship programs. This study recommends integrating virtual simulations, training faculty in remote teaching strategies, and implementing robust support systems to address students’ diverse needs. By adopting flexible and crisis-resilient frameworks, higher education institutions can enhance students’ learning outcomes and better prepare them for the demands of professional environments during disruptions. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on transforming educational practices to ensure continuity and effectiveness amidst global challenges
Assessing Literacy Skills Training Needs of Persons Deprived of Liberty: A Study in a City in Region 8, Philippines
Full text linkThis study explores the relationship between demographic and contextual factors (age, sex, length of incarceration, and educational background) and the literacy skills training needs of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL) in a City in Region 8, Philippines. A total of 80 participants, actively enrolled in literacy programs within correctional facilities, were included in the study. The primary objective is to inform the design of effective literacy training programs, contributing to an extension program to be implemented for the 2025 Lifelong Learning framework. The findings revealed significant variations in literacy training needs based on participants' educational backgrounds, with high demand for digital literacy, spoken communication, and vocabulary proficiency. In contrast, factors such as age, sex, and length of incarceration showed no significant correlation with literacy training needs. Most respondents had educational backgrounds of high school or lower, emphasizing the need for tailored programs that address both foundational and advanced literacy skills. Based on these findings, the study recommends developing literacy programs that prioritize inclusivity and adaptability, integrating digital tools and contextual learning to enhance post-incarceration employability and societal reintegration
Grammar Teaching Perceptions among Samar Barangay Officials: An Analysis of Variations
Full text linkThis study explores grammar into the perceptions of grammar teaching among Samar barangay officials in response to global and national demands for English proficiency. The primary objectives encompass evaluating officials' views on grammar teaching in local governance, identifying areas requiring improvement, and exploring potential variations based on gender. Employing a comparative descriptive research design, the study focuses on barangay officials in Western Samar, employing probability cluster sampling for inclusivity. A Likert-scale questionnaire, modified for reliability, guides both quantitative and comparative analyses. Results indicate commendable proficiency in language usage among officials. However, critical concerns surface regarding perceptions of grammar roles, emphasizing the necessity for targeted training interventions. While fair to good perceptions in instructional approaches, knowledge, and practices suggest a moderate level of competence, there is room for enhancement, particularly in explicit grammar teaching and problem-solving. Sex-based comparisons reveal nuanced variations, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions. In conclusion, the study recommends a comprehensive training program that seamlessly integrates effective communication strategies with role-specific grammar training. This approach aims to augment the overall effectiveness of Samar Barangay Officials in teaching grammar within the sphere of local governance. The study underscores the significance of gender-specific considerations in training initiatives, advocating for a more inclusive and effective enhancement of grammar-related roles among officials. Such interventions align with the broader goal of elevating English proficiency in response to the evolving linguistic demands at both national and global levels
Graduate Employability and Program Impact of the Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management in a Rural Campus Context
Full text linkThe tourism and hospitality sector is becoming increasingly competitive and rapidly evolving, particularly in rural and regional areas where tourism is essential for economic development. This tracer study examines the employability, competencies, and industry relevance of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management (BSTM) graduates from Cebu Normal University Balamban Campus. The research evaluates employment outcomes, alignment between job roles and degree, perceived competencies, and employer feedback to assess the effectiveness of the BSTM program in preparing graduates for the workforce. A descriptive mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing quantitative data from 116 BSTM graduates (2013–2024) collected through a tracer study questionnaire, and qualitative data from open-ended responses by graduates and selected employers. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were conducted. The majority of graduates obtained permanent employment, often soon after graduation, and are employed in both tourism-related and non-tourism sectors, indicating diverse career trajectories. Both graduates and employers reported strong professional competence, communication, interpersonal skills, critical thinking, leadership, and teamwork. Nevertheless, deficiencies in digital literacy, entrepreneurship, and foreign language proficiency were identified, highlighting areas for curriculum enhancement. The findings indicate that the BSTM program supports graduate employability and industry readiness, although continuous curriculum development is necessary. Recommendations include strengthening digital skills, expanding entrepreneurship education, enhancing industry partnerships, and improving career placement support to maintain alignment with industry needs and to promote sustainable tourism development and regional growth
Interactive Learning in Algebra: A Quasi-Experimental Study of MalMath and FX Algebra Solver
Full text linkAlgebra is foundational to mathematics education, underpinning advanced concepts and essential skills like problem-solving and logical reasoning. However, students often struggle with symbolic representation, logical thinking, and applying mathematical concepts. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools, such as MalMath and FX Algebra Solver, offer interactive, step-by-step solutions to address these challenges. This study used a pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design to assess the effectiveness of these applications in improving algebraic achievement. Forty-two second-year BEED students from a state university in Samar, Philippines, were matched by sex, section, and average grades and assigned to experimental or comparison groups using MalMath or FX Algebra Solver, respectively. Both groups showed significant improvements in pre-test and post-test scores, with no significant difference in post-test outcomes, indicating both tools were equally effective. These findings highlight the potential of accessible, technology-based tools to enhance algebra learning and suggest further research on their long-term impacts and broader applications
"Crustaceutical": A Jargon Term Firstly Used for Scientific Paper
Full text linkThis scientific research paper introduces the term "crustaceuticals" to describe crustaceans with potential applications in nutraceuticals, marking the first usage of this terminology. The study aims to conduct a five-year synthesis review to support and validate the coined phrase. Utilizing a synthesis review methodology, the researchers analyze secondary resources from 2017-2022, focusing on two main themes: the nutraceutical potential of crustaceans such as shrimp, crabs, and lobsters, and the designation of these crustaceans as "crustaceuticals." The results reveal that these crustaceans not only possess traditional nutrients but also contain bioactive components with pharmaceutical potential. Astaxanthin, chitin, chitosan, and fatty acids found in crustaceans exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-boosting, and health-enhancing effects. The conclusion affirms the appropriateness of the term "crustaceutical" and underscores the biochemical components present in crustaceans, emphasizing their potential value in food technology with medicinal applications. This original research contributes a novel concept to the scientific lexicon and lays the foundation for further exploration of crustaceans in the realm of nutraceuticals
Employment Preparedness and Challenges Among Samar College Graduates: A Qualitative Study
Full text linkEmployability is a set of achievements – skills, understandings and personal attributes – that makes graduates more likely to gain employment and be successful in their chosen occupations, which benefits themselves, the workforce, the community and the economy. The study utilized a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview protocol was developed. Results identified 6 themes preparations for employment, employment skills, time spent in finding a job, reasons for delay of employment, overcoming job delays and challenges of jobseekers. Findings revealed that employability is not something that can be easily ignored. Thinking about your employability from an early stage is likely to increase the chance that you will be successful in your chosen career
Lived Experiences of Elementary Teachers in Modular Distance Learning: Challenges and Adaptation Strategies
Full text linkThis study explored the lived experiences of elementary teachers handling Grade 2 pupils in Gandara District under modular distance learning, focusing on their challenges and coping strategies. Using a transcendental phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with Grade 2 teachers from nine interior schools to gain insights into their experiences. The findings revealed significant challenges, including difficulties in addressing diverse learning styles, adapting teaching strategies, and ensuring student engagement. Teachers emphasized the need to tailor instructional materials to students' individual levels rather than using standardized content, highlighting the importance of differentiated instruction. Parental involvement emerged as a crucial factor in bridging learning gaps and providing additional support. The study also highlighted the emotional and professional impact on teachers, who experienced both fulfillment and exhaustion in their efforts to facilitate learning remotely. Key themes identified include the need for flexible monitoring, home visitations, early literacy support, and adaptive teaching methods. Despite the challenges, teachers remained committed and resilient, motivated by their dedication to student development. The study concludes that effective distance teaching requires a comprehensive approach that considers the challenges faced by educators, the diverse needs of students, and the crucial role of parental support. Recommendations include continuous professional development, well-prepared instructional materials, and improved monitoring systems to enhance the effectiveness of distance education in rural areas