CUK Journals System (Central University of Kashmir)
Not a member yet
153 research outputs found
Sort by
Legal Implications of Deepfake Technology: In the Context of Manipulation, Privacy, and Identity Theft
Full text linkDeepfake technology, an emerging form of synthetic media created using artificial intelligence, poses profound challenges to India’s legal, technological, and societal frameworks. This paper explores the multifaceted implications of deepfakes, focusing on privacy, misinformation, identity theft, and regulatory responses within the Indian context. Deepfakes threaten privacy by exploiting digital identity systems like Aadhaar, raising concerns about data security and personal autonomy. The spread of deepfake-generated misinformation undermines India’s democratic institutions and social cohesion, exacerbating political polarization and communal tensions. Identity theft and fraud through deepfakes present additional risks, exploiting vulnerabilities in biometric authentication and undermining trust in digital identities. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive regulatory reforms, including amendments to existing laws and the enactment of new regulations tailored to combat deepfake-related offenses. The “Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019”, and the “Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021”, represent initial steps towards enhancing data privacy and regulating digital content platforms. However, effective mitigation strategies must also focus on technological innovations in deepfake detection, public awareness campaigns, and international cooperation to address transnational threats. By fostering a robust regulatory framework, promoting ethical technology development, and enhancing digital literacy, India can navigate the complexities of deepfakes while harnessing the transformative potential of digital technologies. This paper advocates for a proactive and collaborative approach to safeguarding privacy, integrity, and trust in India’s digital ecosystem amidst the evolving challenges posed by deepfake technology
Evaluation and Appraisal of Enforcement of Public Interest Litigation in the State of Goa (India)
Full text linkPublic Interest Litigation (PIL) plays a momentous role in protecting the community’s interest in general. Matters of serious concern and or public importance can be filed by any one on behalf of the entire community. The court will take up the matter and deliver justice in the interest of the public. The judiciary delivered many judgments in India in favour of the public.The traditional concept of locus standi was enforced in the beginning, which means a victim or person whose lawful rights are violated alone can approach the judiciary to get the remedy. Other persons are prohibited from filing the case. Slowly, due to judicial activism, the court evolved a new concept, PIL. Under this idea, cases can be filed by any person on behalf of the public in matters of public concern. During the 1980s Justice Bhagwati enunciated the broad aspects of PIL. He stated that any fellow of the public with bona fide intention, having adequate knowledge, can file a case for redressal of any incorrect or civic injury. Besides individuals’ nonprofit, non-political, and voluntary organizations consist of public-spirited citizens interested in taking up legitimate public causes by initiating a writ petition before the courts. After the expansion of the notion of PIL, many petitions were filed relating to matters like violation of fundamental rights, under-trial prisoners, arrested persons, and environmental concerns. The judiciary can take cognizance of the matters and accept the petition filed by any person on behalf of the public. Though judiciary has expanded the horizons of justice delivery, it is essential to verify its application in practice hence, this research is noteworthy. In this research article, effort is made to explain the concept of PIL, evolution of PIL at International and National levels, merits and demerits, and finally the authors examined the role of High Court in disposal of PILs
Bank Frauds: A Study of Economic and Legal Perspectives
Full text linkIn the 21st Century, India faces a big challenge in the development of advancement of technology. India’s economy is major dependent on the Banking sector. India has many private and public banks. We often hear about bank frauds in the news and from customers. After the COVID-19 Pandemic, banks and customers suffer from many issues and problems. Due to the use of the internet and online payment system, many have been victims of financial loss. It is not limited to that but many professionals and businessmen are included in bank frauds. It is a need of the hour to control and prevent such bank frauds. This is a big threat to the economy of India. It is a matter of National Economic Security (NES). Therefore, India should take strict action against such fraudsters. This article explores the various aspects of bank fraud, and how these affect national security, economy, and what has to be done to lessen this increasingly dangerous threat
NEP 2020: A move to multidisciplinary approach in higher education
Full text linkNational Educational Policy 202
Internet Addiction and Academic Procrastination among College Students: A Comprehensive Study
Full text linkInternet addiction has been studied globally now owing to its strong impact on the overall health of individuals in general and mental health in particular. Academicians in the world over are increasingly interested in studying the impact of internet addiction on academic procrastination, which significantly impacts the overall academic performance of students. The present study is an attempt to explore the relationship between internet addiction and academic procrastination among the degree college students of Jammu & Kashmir Union Territory. The study was conducted on a sample of 669 college students comprising of 247 male and 422 female students from Science, Mathematics and Humanities disciplines from 40 Government Degree Colleges of J&K UT. The data was collected using Internet Addiction Test, developed by Kimberly Young (1998) comprising of 20 items and Academic Procrastination Scale developed by Yockey (2016) comprising of 5 items. The study revealed that the overall prevalence of Internet addiction in the college students of J&K Union Territory is 63.22 %. A total of 4.18 % students showed Severe Internet addiction. While as 23.02 % showed moderate, while as 36.02 % showed mild levels of addiction. The female college students showed less internet addiction as compared to that of their male counterparts. The findings revealed that there was a significant difference in the internet addiction of male and female college students. While as the gender based difference was insignificant so far the academic procrastination is concerned. The study revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between internet addiction and academic procrastination with Pearson’s r = 0.325
Effect of Shavasana on Recovery after Physical Stress
Full text linkShavasana is a yogic relaxation posture which has numerous health benefits. It is also used to prevent and control psychophysiological stress. This study was conducted to analyze Shavasana’s effects on reducing stress after participation in physical activities. Ten (10) male under -17 National level soccer players of Tripura Sports School were selected purposively for the study. The subjects were instructed to run on a treadmill with 40% intensity, with a gradual increase of 10% after every two minutes till it reached their 80% level of intensity. The final intensity was increased to 90% of their maximum speed ability, and they continued to run for five minutes. At the end of the run, two different recovery modes (Active and Shavasana) were provided on two separate days. In the active recovery, the subject performed for five minutes with 25% intensity on the treadmill and then sat quietly for 60 minutes. The passive recovery process included ‘Shavasana’ for five minutes after the activity and then sitting on the chair for 60 minutes. Blood samples and heart rates were collected simultaneously after every program stage. During the recovery phase, the data was obtained from the 5th, 10th, 30th, and 60th minutes. Data was analyzed with the help of paired t-tests. The comparison between active and passive recovery processes revealed a statistically significant difference in selected physiological parameters. A significant reduction was seen in blood lactate values while performing low-intensity active recovery
Inclusivity in Indian Judiciary: A Study of Contemporary Trends and a Way Forward
Full text linkThe metaphorical association of justice with blindness does not go well in consonance with society’s ableist bias that blind individuals are incapable of discharging judicial rules. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities have already laid down the principle of reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities in India. However, the apex court’s decision in V. Surendra Mohan v. State of Tamil Nadu restricted the recruitment of visually impaired individuals with disabilities over 50%. This decision was later overruled by the Supreme Court in Vikas Kumar v. UPSC, mentioning that visually impaired persons should be accepted as judges with reasonable accommodations supported by assistive technologies and resources. Nonetheless, there have been instances where state public service commissions have excluded blind individuals from the reservation for civil judge posts. This encroaches upon the principle of reasonable accommodation, and the authors aim to examine different states’ implementation of the Vikas Kumar case, inclusivity on the bench, and constitutional commitments. The paper recommends accommodating visually impaired individuals on the bench with assistive technologies to ensure justice for everyone
Bridging Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Innovation in the Legal Context
Full text linkAs biotechnology continues to advance, the intersection of genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and innovation poses complex challenges and opportunities. This paper explores the need for harmonization in this dynamic landscape, aiming to strike a balance between scientific progress and the preservation of cultural heritage. The coexistence of genetic resources and traditional knowledge with cutting-edge biotechnological innovations is essential for sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and social equity. The paper begins by elucidating the significance of genetic resources in biotechnology, emphasizing the vast potential they hold for medical, agricultural, and industrial applications. Concurrently, it underscores the ethical considerations associated with the utilization of genetic materials and the importance of fair and equitable access and benefit-sharing mechanisms. Traditional knowledge, often deeply rooted in indigenous communities, is a crucial aspect that enriches biotechnological advancements. The paper emphasizes the need to respect and integrate traditional knowledge into biotechnological research, recognizing the unique insights it provides into sustainable practices, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem management. The challenges of harmonizing genetic resources and traditional knowledge with innovation are explored, including issues related to intellectual property rights, bio-piracy, and cultural appropriation. The paper proposes strategies for creating a collaborative framework that respects the rights of indigenous communities, encourages technology transfer, and fosters responsible innovation. Furthermore, the paper discusses case studies exemplifying successful collaborations between biotechnologists, researchers, and indigenous communities. These case studies highlight instances where biotechnological innovation has been aligned with traditional knowledge, resulting in mutually beneficial outcomes. Finally, the paper advocates for a holistic approach that embraces the diversity of perspectives, values, and knowledge systems within the realm of biotechnology. It emphasizes the importance of developing international guidelines and policies that facilitate the harmonious integration of genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and innovation. Such harmonization is imperative not only for scientific progress but also for fostering a more inclusive, sustainable, and ethically sound biotechnological landscape
Examining Indian Laws on Domestic Violence in the Context of Gender Equality
Full text linkDomestic violence is an ongoing and pervasive challenge present in society. The patriarchal system can be identified as the principal cause of such gender inequality in Indian society. Domestic violence emerges from a combination of various triggering elements, often accompanied by some form of provocation. Moreover, its impact on our contemporary society is even more pronounced due to the influences of modernization and technological advancements. Violation of women’s rights through acts of violence represents a grave breach of human rights and remains a concerning societal concern.Hence this article employs a multifaceted framework to understand domestic violence comprehensively. It takes a multidimensional approach to grasp the nuances of this complex issue. The analysis extends to various manifestations of domestic violence drawing from various case laws, thereby highlighting the present status of women. The article tries to explore the prevailing understanding of domestic violence and its ramifications on women’s lives. It proceeds to study Indian legal provisions designed to address domestic violence, including the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, of 2005. In India, legislative measures have been enacted to combat this problem and safeguard the rights of women. This article critically examines the laws, considering their effectiveness, challenges, and impact on advancing gender equality and women’s empowerment. However, the article contextualizes these legal measures within the border landscape of gender equality and women empowerment. It explores how such legislation aligns with international frameworks and commitments promoting gender equality
Resolution of Marital Discord under Muslim Law: An Appraisal in Contemporary Context
Full text linkThe paper explores the concept of “Sulh,” an Islamic approach to Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), focusing on its application in resolving marital discord. Rooted in the primary sources of Muslim law—namely the Quran, Sunnah, and Hadith—”Sulh” emphasizes amicable settlements while upholding the moral and spiritual values of Islamic law. This study examines the historical origin of “Sulh,” its religious and legal sanctity, and its practical application in marital disputes.While the concept of “Sulh” has been institutionalized in various ways, its implementation in India remains uncertain. Using a doctrinal and empirical approach, the researchers analyze the importance of “Sulh” and its judicial recognition in India. Landmark judgments, such as Shamim Ara v. State of U.P., have underscored the necessity of pre-divorce reconciliation in alignment with Quranic mandates.The paper further highlights the limited awareness and adherence to the practice within the Muslim community in India. It emphasizes the lack of legislative and institutional frameworks to support the adoption of “Sulh.” Through this analysis, the authors explore whether adopting “Sulh” in its true spirit can mitigate marital disputes, reduce divorce rates, and alleviate the burden on courts.Additionally, the paper discusses how relevant institutions must prioritize the practical implementation of amicable settlements over pushing marital discord towards dissolution. This approach ensures that the underlying principles of “Sulh” are effectively realized, fostering harmony within the Muslim community