The International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Business Management
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Project-Based Entrepreneurial Learning (PBEL): A Blended Model for Startup Creation in Higher Education Institutions
No full textProject-Based Entrepreneurial Learning (PBEL) represents an integrated pedagogical approach combining project-based learning with blended delivery (online and face-to-face instruction) to support startup creation within higher education institutions. This review synthesizes evidence from empirical studies and institutional case studies to examine PBEL\u27s effectiveness, implementation mechanisms, and outcomes. PBEL integrates real-world startup projects, digital platforms, structured mentoring from faculty and industry experts, and incubation infrastructure to develop entrepreneurial competencies and support venture development across multiple stages: ideation, validation, prototyping, and scaling. Evidence demonstrates that PBEL significantly enhances entrepreneurial intentions, develops critical competencies, and supports startup creation, with participating students showing higher entrepreneurial intention compared to traditional lecture-based approaches. However, persistent challenges include curriculum design integration, faculty development requirements, resource constraints, and the fundamental difficulty of ensuring startup sustainability beyond the institutional support period. Future research priorities include longitudinal tracking of venture outcomes, comparative analysis of pedagogical models, and investigation of emerging technologies for scaling PBEL effectiveness. PBEL contributes substantially to transforming entrepreneurship education through systematic integration of experiential learning with institutional support ecosystems
Digital Marketing Trends and Consumer Engagement: A Review
No full textOne can definitely identify that the current digital marketing era has drastically influenced consumer relations and how companies communicate with them in the virtual world. That is why new tendencies like personalization, big data, social media, and interactive content have become new directions in consumer behavior and consumers’ loyalty to brands. Marketing has become more integrated into the digital landscape, making use of AI, Automation and data analysis in providing real-time convenience to the customer. However, there are some barriers that marketers experience which include data privacy issues, content overload, and shifting algorithms. This paper narrows the general topic of digital marketing to provide a more focused area of analysis by exploring the different theoretical frameworks and research publications concerning consumer engagement in the light of new trends in digital marketing. This position indicates that for business Players to thrive in competitive environments necessitates the use of innovative and customer-oriented marketing strategies
Entrepreneurial Innovation and Start-Up Ecosystem Growth in Emerging Markets
No full textEntrepreneurial Innovation is a powerful catalyst for economic development and diversification in Emerging Markets (EMs). This paper examines the dynamic relationship between local innovation and the accelerated growth of start-up ecosystems within these rapidly evolving economies. The core driver of this growth is the ability of local entrepreneurs to develop frugal and disruptive innovations tailored to solve unique, low-income market challenges (e.g., infrastructural deficits, limited connectivity, and accessibility issues). We argue that ecosystem growth requires strategic intervention—specifically, publicprivate partnerships focused on risk capital provision (Venture Capital, Angel Investment), incubation support, and robust regulatory frameworks that protect intellectual property while promoting ease of doing business. The success of these ecosystems is fundamental to achieving sustainable, inclusive growth that transitions economies from resource dependence to knowledge-based prosperity
Impact of Social Media Engagement on Youth Psychology and Behaviour
No full textSocial media platforms have become the defining communication medium for contemporary youth, fundamentally reshaping their psychological landscapes and behavioral patterns. This manuscript provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted impact of social media engagement on young people, exploring both the significant risks and the potential benefits. The core argument is that social media interaction acts as a powerful social and psychological amplifier, accelerating trends related to self-identity, social comparison, and mental health. The analysis utilizes concepts from Social Identity Theory and Uses and Gratifications Theory to examine how platforms influence selfesteem, body image, and the development of interpersonal skills. Key psychological risks, including the fear of missing out (FoMO), cyberbullying, and the link between excessive use and anxiety/depression, are critically addressed. Conversely, the paper explores the benefits of social media in fostering community, facilitating self-expression, and providing access to supportive networks. Ultimately, the manuscript advocates for a nuanced approach to digital citizenship, emphasizing the critical need for digital literacy, parental guidance, and platform design that prioritizes psychological well-being over engagement metrics
The Intelligent Enterprise – Balancing Opportunity, Risk, and the Ethical Imperative of AI Adoption
No full textThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Generative AI (GenAI) is rapidly redefining the commercial landscape, offering unprecedented Opportunities for operational efficiency, innovation, and personalized customer engagement. However, this transformative technology introduces significant Risks across data security, financial stability, and workforce disruption, alongside profound Ethical Implications concerning bias, accountability, and transparency. These editorial asserts that success in the AI-driven economy hinges not merely on technological adoption speed, but on the implementation of a rigorous, ethically governed framework. Businesses must move beyond pilot projects to integrate AI strategically, invest heavily in workforce reskilling, and proactively embed principles of Responsible AI (RAI) to preserve customer trust and mitigate substantial legal and reputational exposure
Democracy in the Digital Age: Opportunities and Challenges
No full textoai:ojs2.ijhsbm.com:article/4Ten propositions concerning the impact of digital technology on democracy itself can therefore be postulated comprehensively as follows: The present world can be considered as the age of opportunities to build a better democratic society: It is IT support for political parties, freedom of information, and direct democracy. But on the same note, it comes with its difficulties, for instance, fake news, surveillance, polarization, and cybercrime. This paper provides the critical analysis on how technology affects democracy and whether or not this kind of democracy is a positive or negative development. Based on the literature review of this study, the participation of digital platforms in political processes, the repercussions of e-democracy, and the measures needed for the protection of democracy are presented. The conclusions made in the paper reveal that digital democracy is a promising phenomenon but its advancement relies on the conducive governance environment, appropriate legal regulation, and the citizens’ participation in the democratic process to avoid the weakening of democracy in a context of digitalisation
Ethical Reflections on Human–Technology Interaction in the 21st Century
No full textThe rapid advancement of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), robotics, biotechnology, and pervasive connectivity has fundamentally altered the landscape of human life, creating a new environment defined by Human–Technology Interaction (HTI). This manuscript provides a comprehensive ethical reflection on this relationship in the 21st century. It moves beyond traditional concerns of privacy and security to address emergent, complex dilemmas related to autonomy, fairness, dignity, and accountability. The paper employs ethical frameworks, including Deontology, Consequentialism, and Virtue Ethics, to analyse the moral implications of technologies that are increasingly autonomous, opaque, and persuasive. Specific attention is given to the ethical challenges posed by algorithmic bias, the threat to human agency, the nature of digital labour, and the implications of transhumanism. Ultimately, the manuscript argues for the urgent need for a robust, multidisciplinary, and anticipatory ethical governance system that prioritizes human well-being, equity, and democratic values in the design, deployment, and regulation of emerging technologies
Artistic Narratives as Tools for Social Awareness and Cultural Transformation
No full textArtistic narratives encompassing visual arts, literature, performance, film, and digital media are far more than aesthetic pursuits; they are profound, dynamic tools for fostering social awareness and catalyzing cultural transformation. This manuscript explores the central role of art in engaging public consciousness, challenging dominant ideologies, and promoting empathy that leads to societal change. It is argued that the power of artistic narratives lies in their capacity to operate outside the rigid confines of rational discourse, accessing emotional and subjective realms that compel audiences to confront uncomfortable truths and reimagine alternative social realities. Utilizing frameworks derived from Aesthetic Theory and Cultural Studies, the analysis focuses on the mechanisms through which art achieves its transformative goals: promoting empathy through identification, making the invisible visible through symbolic representation, and providing a space for counternarratives that challenge cultural hegemony. Case studies from social realism painting, protest literature, and activist digital art illustrate the tangible impact of these narratives on movements for civil rights, gender equality, and environmental justice. Ultimately, the paper affirms that artistic narratives are indispensable agents of cultural critique and a necessary precondition for durable, equity-focused social transformation
Community Development and Social Inclusion: A CrossCultural Perspective
No full textCommunity Development (CD) and Social Inclusion (SI) are interconnected concepts essential for fostering resilient, equitable, and sustainable societies. This manuscript presents a cross-cultural perspective on these two frameworks, arguing that while the specific challenges and methodologies vary across global contexts, the fundamental goals of empowerment, participation, and the dismantling of exclusionary barriers remain universal. The analysis utilizes Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a methodological lens, emphasizing that effective CD must be grassroots-driven and locallydefined. The paper examines how diverse cultural norms—from the collectivist principles of many Indigenous communities to the individualistic structures of Western societies—influence the success and structure of SI initiatives. It critically addresses the role of culture in defining "the community" and "exclusion", highlighting issues such as caste-based marginalization in South Asia, racial exclusion in North America, and gender-based disparities globally. The manuscript concludes by advocating for a culturally competent and adaptive CD model that recognizes local knowledge, promotes horizontal (peer-topeer) learning, and leverages global knowledge while maintaining local ownership as the most effective path toward achieving profound andlasting social inclusion
Gender Stereotypes and Workplace Equality in Developing Economies
No full textDeveloping economies are characterized by dynamic growth alongside profound social and structural inequalities. Among the most persistent barriers to inclusive growth are rigid gender stereotypes that significantly impact workplace equality. This manuscript analyzes the pervasive influence of these stereotypes on women\u27s access to employment, career progression, and equitable remuneration in the context of developing nations. The core argument is that deeply ingrained cultural narratives— which dictate women\u27s roles as primary caregivers and men\u27s as sole providers—translate directly into systemic workplace discrimination, often reinforced by weak legal protections and informal sector dominance. The analysis draws upon social role theory and economic development models to illustrate how stereotypes restrict women to lower-paying, less visible sectors (horizontal segregation) and limit their ascension to leadership positions (vertical segregation). Critically, the paper addresses the specific challenges faced by women in the informal economy, where labor protections and gender-sensitive policies are virtually non-existent. Recommendations focus on intersectional policy reform, investment in grassroots women’s entrepreneurship, and mandatory corporate training to dismantle these stereotypes and harness the full economic potential of gender parity for sustainable development