Community and Interculturality in Dialogue (Journal)
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Rehabilitation Nursing from the perspective of Orem, Meleis and Swanson - person, family and community
Get PDFCurrently people present a multiplicity and complexity of illnesses in clinical contexts, there is room for health professionals to respond with appropriate approaches to human needs and responses to situations of vulnerability. The description of rehabilitation nursing care in health contexts, from the theoretical perspective of Orem, Meleis and Swanson, can be a facilitating process in understanding a complex reality, promoting self-care and well-being. The Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist, focused on a relationship of partnership with the person, family and community, with specific and personalized theoretical support, can show health gains in enhancing self-care, promoting mastery and well-being.
Transforming Teacher Competency in Coastal Areas through Training on Digital Worksheet Design Using Canva
Get PDFIntroduction: this inquiry seeks to overcome the insufficient technological and pedagogical capabilities observed among educators in the coastal district of Muara Gembong, Indonesia. Structured training in designing digital Student Worksheets (LKPD) using the Canva application was delivered to advanced participants to enhance their digital literacy and instructional design expertise. The initiative was framed within the Independent Curriculum and sought to generate a sustainable uplift in teacher competencies through context-sensitive and practice-based professional development.
Method: employing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) paradigm, the investigation incorporated 15 junior secondary teachers as collaborative co-researchers. The design unfolded across four interrelated phases: a needs diagnostic, training workshops, the classroom deployment of developed materials, and a reflective evaluation. Quantitative indicators comprised digital literacy levels, instructional design proficiency, and overall participant satisfaction. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical treatment and normalized gain (N-Gain) computations to quantify cognitive advancements.
Results: aggregate teacher performance on teacher knowledge assessments rose from a mean of 43,33 (pretest) to 81,33 (posttest), yielding a normalized gain of 0,67, which situates the level of enhancement within the moderate-to-high category. The majority of participants produced digital worksheets characterized by visually coherent design and congruence with specified curriculum goals. Aggregate satisfaction ratings for trainers and the training itinerary eclipsed the threshold of 81 points, thereby classifying feedback as “very good.” In addition to cognitive strides, teachers conveyed heightened self-efficacy and observable increases in student engagement during the materials’ classroom application.
Conclusions: The program significantly enhanced teachers’ expertise in creating digital instructional strategies. Its emphasis on collaborative, hands-on engagement demonstrated both effectiveness and flexibility in contexts traditionally lacking resources. The initiative, therefore, presents a replicable framework for ongoing professional advancement and actively cultivates networks of peer learning among educators in underserved communities
The acculturation process of ethnic youth during their time at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas
Get PDFIndigenous education in Mexico revealed profound inequalities with respect to the rest of the population. The Sectoral Education Program 2020-2024 established that inclusion and educational equity were fundamental pillars to guarantee social justice. In this context, the research addressed the acculturation process of ethnic youth at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas (UAZ), through life histories and qualitative techniques such as interviews, non-participant observation, and documentary analysis.Historically, indigenous education in Mexico has been marked by acculturation, forced assimilation and castellanization. During the colonial period, missionaries promoted evangelization and established schools with the aim of transforming indigenous identity. Subsequently, in the 19th and 20th centuries, the education system continued to exert pressure to integrate native peoples into the mestizo national culture, perpetuating the marginalization of their identity.In the 21st century, although constitutional reforms and intercultural education programs were implemented, ethnic youth still faced obstacles in higher education. The lack of records on indigenous students at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas (UAZ) highlighted the absence of institutional policies aimed at their inclusion. The research used Grounded Theory and the Expanded Model of Relative Acculturation to analyze the cultural adaptation of these students. Using ATLAS.ti software and Sankey Diagrams, their experiences were represented, making visible the barriers and challenges they faced in their university journey
Knowledge and attitudes about blood donation in residents of the Chigüilpe commune
Get PDFIntroduction: blood transfusion is a procedure performed daily in health institutions to ensure clinical and surgical care. Every year, blood needs are greater than availability, which influences the scarcity of the resource. This research was conducted with the aim of describing knowledge and attitudes about blood donation.Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 146 people from the Chigüilpe commune. A 19-question survey was used, divided into two dimensions: the first assesses sociodemographic data and the second information related to knowledge about donations. The instrument was applied in person and through an online form.Results: males predominated over females (60,3 %), 37,7 % were between 45 and 60 years old, 65,8% reported having donated blood at some point, 1,4 % reported not knowing the usefulness of donated blood, only 2,7 % considered donating to be harmful to health, and 81,5 % expressed their willingness to donate in the future. The main motivation for donating was that a family member or friend needed the blood (63 %).Conclusions: the residents of the Chigüilpe commune showed a moderate general knowledge about blood donations, which became lower when dealing with specifics on the subject such as requirements. A positive attitude towards donation and a low percentage of erroneous beliefs were foun
Use of pain assessment scales in non-communicative patients
Get PDFIntroduction: adequate pain management in non-communicative patients represents a critical challenge in healthcare. Globally, approximately 50 % of non-communicative critically ill patients experience pain during their stay in intensive care units. However, the use of validated scales such as the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) remains limited. In Ecuador, 87 % of medical staff do not use scales to assess pain, resulting in 66 % of patients not receiving an adequate assessment and 92 % experiencing ineffective pain management.Objective: to analyze the clinical utility and application of validated scales for the assessment of pain in non-communicative patients in hospital settings.Method: a systematic review was conducted with a qualitative-descriptive approach, using the PRISMA methodology. Twenty-seven articles published between 2020 and 2025, in English and Spanish, located in scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo, were included.Results: the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS), the Pain Indicator Behavior Scale (ESCID), PAINAD, CPOT, and NCS-R were the most frequently used. These tools were found to have good validity and reliability for detecting pain in non-communicative critically ill patients and were effective in procedures such as tracheal aspiration and mobilization. New technologies have also shown advances in the automation of pain diagnosis, although with limitations in standardization.Conclusions: adequate pain assessment in non-communicative patients is possible through validated behavioral scales, whose clinical application requires ongoing professional training and adaptation to the patient’s context
The Therapeutic Relationship in Rehabilitation Nursing: Promotion of Culturally Sensitive Environments in the Community Context
No full textIntroduction: Growing globalization and increased immigration, evidenced by the significant growth of the immigrant population in Portugal, have directly impacted healthcare, requiring culturally sensitive practices. Objective: To analyze the establishment of the therapeutic relationship between the person and the rehabilitation nurse in order to promote culturally diverse environments in a community context.Method: A theoretical reflection was carried out based on a review of the relevant scientific literature. This theoretical reflection was grounded in an exploratory Boolean search (MeSH and free terms) in PubMed, Google Scholar and EBSCOHost-indexed databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Nursing & Allied Health Collection, LISTA, MedicLatina) between March and April 2025. 164 records were retrieved and, after screening, 6 conceptually grounded articles were included in the synthesis.Results: Rehabilitation Nursing in a community setting faces the challenge of promoting humanized and effective care, while respecting cultural diversity. Madeleine Leininger\u27s Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care provides the foundations for a person-centered and culturally congruent nursing practice, valuing the beliefs, values and practices of each individual. The therapeutic relationship emerges as the central axis of this care, favoring empowerment, adherence to treatment and the promotion of autonomy and functionality. Thus, the Rehabilitation Nurse must act as a facilitator of inclusive care, promoting culturally sensitive therapeutic environments, especially in multicultural community contexts.Conclusions: This approach increases the effectiveness of care and strengthens the social integration of people undergoing rehabilitation, consolidating a practice that is ethical, transformative and centered on human dignity
Legal pluralism and islamic law: challenges and reforms in the arab world
No full textIn this article, I presented a comparative and critical analysis of the Arab legal system, aiming to understand its normative structure, historical evolution, and relevance in the international context. Based on a rigorous methodological approach, I examined the sources of law—including Sharia, statutory legislation, jurisprudence, and custom—as well as the institutional configurations of representative countries such as Egypt, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia. I addressed contemporary legal reforms in the areas of family, gender, and human rights, highlighting the tensions between Islamic tradition and legal modernity, as well as the challenges faced in harmonizing legal systems with international standards. I contributed to the debate on legal pluralism, representative justice, and legitimacy in global governance by proposing a contextualized and non-Eurocentric reading of comparative law. Among the main contributions of this work, I emphasized the articulation of theoretical frameworks with indexed sources, the integration of diverse legal experiences, and the projection of proposals to strengthen the normative agency of the Arab world in multilateral arenas. I directed this study toward researchers, jurists, and diplomats interested in institutional transformation, international legal cooperation, and the reform of the global legal order from a critical and pluralistic perspective
Population aging, Chair of Older Adults in the Isle of Youth and development
No full textIntroduction: This research projects a current topic related to population aging and the functioning of the University Chair for the Elderly on the Isle of Youth.Objective: To analyze the aging process in Cuba, as well as the functioning of the University Chair for the Elderly on the Isle of Youth.Development: A qualitative approach was used, combining methods to obtain data through observations, interviews, documentary analysis, personal experiences and narratives to explore objectives, nature, possibilities and limitations of the program. The educational program is highly valued in increasing the self-esteem of the elderly, resulting in positive success in the elderly people who make up the chair, increasing awareness of the importance of caring for the elderly.Conclusions: Adult education in Cuba favors the continuous and permanent education of this population sector to put them at the level of technological, social and scientific changes and developments in the current context, thus enabling the increase in their well-being and quality of life. The participants of Isla de la Juventud demonstrate personal successes in the development of skills to face aging and cooperate with the development of society.
Cardiac prehabilitation Programs: indications, implications, challenges and future directions
Get PDFIntroduction: Cardiac prehabilitation programs have emerged as effective multimodal strategies in preparing patients for elective cardiac surgeries. These programs aim to optimize the clinical condition of patients, especially the most vulnerable, reducing risks and improving postoperative outcomes.Objective: To summarize cardiac prehabilitation programs, analyzing their main indications, clinical benefits, implementation challenges and prospects for future research.Method: This is a critical narrative analysis based on a review of the current scientific literature on cardiac prehabilitation, focusing on studies that address program components, evidence of effectiveness and implications for clinical practice.Results: Cardiac prehabilitation programs include aerobic and strength training, respiratory muscle strengthening, nutritional support and psychobehavioral interventions. Evidence highlights significant improvements in functional capacity, reduced length of hospital stay, lower incidence of pulmonary complications and increased quality of life, especially among frail elderly patients and patients with comorbidities. Implementation requires careful planning and interdisciplinary action, with emphasis on the central role of nursing.Conclusion: The integration of cardiac prehabilitation into perioperative protocols represents an opportunity to improve clinical outcomes and the efficiency of health care. Investments in team training, organizational structure and future research are essential to consolidate this approach in clinical practice
Occupational risks for nursing interns according to their working conditions
Get PDFIntroduction. Working conditions are the combination of physical, organizational, and environmental factors present in the workplace. Occupational hazards are those elements that can harm the physical, mental, or emotional well-being of workers. In the field of nursing, these hazards include exposure to biological, chemical, and physical agents. Methodology. A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with 75 eighth-semester nursing students from the Technical University of Ambato, Ecuador. Two validated questionnaires were used to assess working conditions and occupational hazards. Data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. Results. 76 % of students reported a high biological risk, followed by 50,7 % for chemical risk, and 65,3 % for physical risk. Working conditions were perceived as inadequate, especially in intra-work aspects. A significant correlation was observed between poor working conditions and exposure to occupational hazards (p < 0,05).Conclusions. The alternative hypothesis is accepted in all four cases. That is, there is a direct and strong relationship between occupational conditions and hazards and their biological, chemical, and physical dimensions. Improving aspects such as workload and supervision could significantly reduce these risks, highlighting the need to establish safety policies and protocols in healthcare institutions