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PANEL RESPONSE: GROWTH POLICY - Honohan and the Comparative Perspective
Full text linkIt is highly appropriate to have an economic historian such as myself participating in a celebration of Patrick Honohan’s life and work. To most observers Patrick is a macroeconomist, financial economist, and central banker, and of course he has been all of those things in his time and an outstanding one to boot. But Honohan’s career is also deeply enmeshed with economic history. First, he has helped to make it, both when acting as advisor to Garrett FitzGerald in the 1980s, and in his role as Central Bank Governor during those very dark years that now (in part thanks to him) seem so long ago. Second, during the 2000s he wrote the first draft of the economic history of our crisis, in several frequently cited papers and reports that will be a key source for future historians (Honohan, 2009a; 2009b; 2010). And third, he has made fundamental contributions to Irish economic history (Honohan and Ó Gráda, 1998; Honohan and Walsh, 2002; FitzGerald and Honohan, 2023). This reflects a genuine interest in the past, which manifested itself inter alia during the regular cliometric workshops held at the Central Bank during his tenure there. Patrick has been an active and valued participant in many economic history meetings over the years, and economic historians are proud to have him as an honorary member of our tribe
Concluding Remarks: Economic Policymaking in Ireland over the Past Half-Century
Full text linkThese presentations and discussions provide a splendid panorama of the role of economic policy and of policy advisors in the Ireland of today. Allow me to offer some personal reflections on how these matters have evolved in Ireland over the past half century
Unlocking Neonatal Care: Innovative Technology’s Promise in Low-to-Middle Income Countries
Full text linkThere is a critical role of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in revolutionising neonatal care and reducing neonatal mortality rates. AI has the potential, through machine learning and data analytics, to assist healthcare professionals in early identification and precise diagnosis of critical conditions, ultimately leading to improved outcomes. Additionally, AI and VR both offer opportunities in remote monitoring, telemedicine, and real-time decision support. This is especially crucial in low and middle income countries (LMICs) as it provides accessibility to healthcare and cost effective solutions. This essay delves into specific case studies, including predictive models for neonatal sepsis, immersive VR for training, and AI-driven analysis of infant cries to diagnose asphyxia. This essay will discuss the benefits of AI and VR in neonatal care, from early detection to resuscitation in LMICs. However, the limitations and challenges of AI implementation, including the need for high-quality data, potential biases, and ethical concerns are also acknowledged. The importance of a balanced approach, combining technology\u27s capabilities with personalized care to advance neonatal health, improve outcomes, and reduce neonatal mortality rates worldwide must be underscored. This is because while AI and VR technologies offer valuable tools for improving healthcare delivery and outcomes, they cannot replace the personalized care provided by healthcare professionals. A balanced approach that integrates AI and VR with personalized care ensures that neonates receive comprehensive and holistic care that addresses their individual needs and circumstances
Your Mouth is the Mirror of Health and Disease of the Gastrointestinal System: Oral Mucosal Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disease
Full text linkIntroduction: Over the last few years, the importance placed on multi-disciplinary approach to patient care has been increasing. One such relationship is the between a dentist and medical practioner.
Methods: This narrative review examines the manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases in the oral mucosa. Understanding the interconnection between the oral cavity and gastrointestinal conditions can help with early diagnosis and can serve as an indicator of disease progression. The aim of this narrative review is to underscore the importance of recognising these suspicious oral mucosal signs and understand the bi-directional relationship between oral health and systemic well-being.
Results: The findings highlight the need to integrate oral examinations in patients at high risk of or with suspected or current gastrointestinal diseases. A holistic approach will help in better patient care and overall patient outcomes.
Discussion: There exists a gap in diagnostic approaches for oral manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases, which must be bridged to efficiently facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Understanding this inter-play between oral health and systemic well-being will significantly improve pati
Book Review: Screen Workers and the Irish Film Industry (Denis Murphy: Liverpool University Press, 2024)
Full text linkIn Screen Workers and the Irish Film Industry, Denis Murphy analyses the history of the screen industries in Ireland and the part played by labour relations. Drawing on official records, interviews and using previously unused records from the trade union archives and other labour history sources, this is a chronological history of the growth of the Irish screen industries. While the emphasis is on film and television workers, the book acknowledges the essential producer contribution to building the industry as it exists today. However, it also emphasises producer obligations towards the screen workers they employ and the evolving role of trade unions in the industry. The volume covers both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland
Entrepreneurial Opportunity: An analysis in terms of scripts
Full text linkThere have been calls to end the debates on the concept of entrepreneurial opportunity. However, the remarkable growth of the research on the ontological and epistemological nature of entrepreneurial opportunities highlights the value of a thorough understanding of this concept in relation to entrepreneurship. This study addresses the ‘war of opportunities’ by answering the following question: How does an entrepreneur select, reproduce or modify scripts to imagine an entrepreneurial opportunity? The result is a discussion on the debate between the discovery and creation of opportunity approaches, revealing that the nexus of individuals and opportunities is a process entailing the selection, reproduction and modification of scripts of signification, legitimation and domination
POLICY PAPER: FISCAL POLICY - Fiscal Policy and Redistribution in Ireland
Full text linkThis paper explores the role fiscal policy plays in shaping the distribution of resources through the tax and transfer system in Ireland. It first shows that there has been a shift towards taxes on income and towards expenditure on income transfers as the size of government has increased. This has implications for the amount of redistribution, which appears relatively high compared to other European countries and has risen over the last three decades. However, the tax and transfer system can also shape the distribution of income through the effects it has on the behaviour of individuals, households and firms. Despite an explosion of international research on these effects in recent decades, we have little credible empirical evidence on the magnitude of these effects in Ireland, in large part due to the lack of access for researchers to administrative data
PANEL RESPONSE: FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY - Remarks on the Banking Sector in Ireland and the European Context
Full text linkThe appointment of Patrick Honohan as Governor of the Central Bank was a great honour, reflecting Patrick’s huge list of achievements over a lifetime, and a terrible charge in the circumstances of the day. Only a person with courage and a strong sense of duty and patriotism would be persuaded to take on that job at that time. In the two and a half years afterwards, I worked very closely with Patrick, in very troubled economic times. I can say that during that time, Patrick’s tireless work and only agenda was to do his job fully and properly and to protect the people of Ireland. This was the period of the GFC, or Great Financial Crisis, but that title describes the war, not the battles. For the officials and politicians and many private sector players at the centre of these events, it often seemed as if any one of a hundred minor issues could be the trigger for a deeper and much more damaging situation. There was a political crisis one day, a bank in crisis the next, a legal disaster around the corner. Patrick’s steady hand in steering the Central Bank, and in influencing the European Central Banking machine, was an important factor in keeping us from the worst. Despite all the pressures, Patrick was always open to criticism (even the deeply unfair and inaccurate kind) and honest and self-reflective in dealing with it
PANEL RESPONSE: FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY - Delivering Long Term Resilience – Savings And Investment Dynamics in Ireland
Full text linkDia dhaoibh a cháirde go léir. Is mór an onóir a bheith anseo inniu, in Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann i mBaile Átha Cliath, chun aitheantas a thabhairt do Patrick Honohan. Le linn a shaol oibre, mar fhostaí sa tseirbhís phoiblí, mar ollamh le clú agus cáil domhanda air agus mar Gobharnóir an Bhainc Cheannais, chuir sé go mór le cur chuige na tíre ó thaobh cursaí shoisialta agus eacnamaíóchta. Many thanks. I am delighted to be here at this conference in honour of Patrick Honohan who, through his incredible career as a professor and public servant, has contributed so much in both thought and action to Irish, European and Global economic stability and well-being
Announcement: 2025 Brendan Walsh Prize
Full text linkAnnouncement: 2025 Brendan Walsh PrizeThe 2025 Brendan Walsh Prize has been awarded to Benjamin Elsner (University College Dublin), Manvi Jindal (University College Dublin), Massimiliano Mascherini (Eurofound, Dublin) and Sanna Nivakoski (Eurofound, Dublin) for their paper “Gender Gaps in Time Use: Pan-European Evidence from School Closures during the COVID-19 Pandemic”.The Brendan Walsh Prize was inaugurated in 2018 to select the best paper published in The Economic and Social Review in the previous year. The prize includes €1,000 and a certificate. The selection was made by the following sub-committee of theEconomic and Social Studies Council:Yvonne McCarthy (Allied Irish Bank)Robbie Butler (University College Cork)Darragh Flannery (University of Limerick