Innovative Technology and Management Journal
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Paternalistic Leadership for Optimal Administrative Performance: An Analysis of Approaches
No full textAdministrators are encouraged to give directions and support to their subordinates, especially in a wide range of cultural contexts. This study included recognition of the effect of hierarchical structures on decision-making and delegation, stressing a call for empirical inquiries into paternalistic leadership in the State Universities of Panay Island, Philippines, to address existing research gaps. This study used a descriptive-correlational research design and a quantitative approach in discerning the effects of paternalistic leadership on administrative performance among eighty (80) purposively selected administrators from seven (7) State Universities in the Island of Panay, Philippines. The instruments used were a self-administered survey questionnaire for paternalistic leadership approaches and an adapted questionnaire for administrative performance. The analyzed data included descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman\u27s rank correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression; all were considered statistically significant at α = 0.05. The study results found a common occurrence across administrators in selected State University of Panay Island on benevolent and moral paternalistic leadership practices that may influence good organizational culture. Administrators in these institutions were firmly committed to ethical leadership practices and the well-being of their staff which leads to a climate that is most conducive for encouraging administrative effectiveness. It is, therefore, suggested that state university leadership should employ a paternalistic leadership approach of a benevolent and moral nature to maintain an organizational climate conducive to work whose performance in the government field would be better
Reflectance Properties of Silver Thin Film Synthesized via RF Magnetron Sputtering
No full textNano film materials have now become one of the most interesting areas for research explorations and technological applications due to its unique properties that varied significantly when deposited in different conditions. One of the leading materials with very interesting use in photovoltaic devices, electrochemical applications, optical coatings, and medical applications is silver (Ag). Thus, this study is carried out to investigate the reflectance property of silver nano film. The films are synthesized in a silicon (Si) wafer substrate using radio frequency magnetron sputtering device deposited under 300 °C and 500 °C substrate temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) result revealed the existence of silver crystals in all samples. UV-vis spectrophotometer was used to analyze the optical properties of the silver nano film sample. Correspondingly, the grown silver nano film at 500 °C has a solar reflectance (Rsol) of 65.16%, which indicates the sample’s remarkable ability to reflect solar energy. Additionally, the sample’s reflectance in the ultraviolet (RUV), visible (Rlum), and infrared (RIR) spectra are 61.35%, 75.53%, and 49.48 %, respectively. These results indicate that the prepared sample has better reflectance properties compared to the Ag film synthesized 300 °C substrate temperature
Job Level Position and Academic Competencies: A Tracer Study of Engineering Graduates in Biliran Province State University
No full textThis study answers the lack of research on the relevance of academic-acquired competencies and job level positions among the graduates of Biliran Province State University (BIPSU). To analyze the employability of BIPSU engineering graduates, a descriptive research method was used. Chi-square statistics was also utilized to assess the relationship between academic-acquired competencies and the graduates\u27 first job occupations. A combination of convenience and purposive sampling methods were applied to collect the required responses. There are a total of 281 respondents who participated in the survey, from a population of 483 engineering graduates from academic years 2006 to 2021. Data collection was carried out by the respondents by answering the fielded Graduate Tracer Survey (GTS) instrument via Google Forms, adapted from the standard GTS instrument from the Commission of Higher Education (CHED).
This study revealed that most BIPSU engineering graduates are now employed in regular or permanent positions. They are primarily in locally-based construction firms and majority of them hold positions which are under professional, technical, or supervisory levels. The chi-square test results indicated that graduates perceived critical thinking and communication skills as the most relevant academic-acquired skill to their initial job positions. A policy was proposed to better align the university’s curriculum with the local job market. It is also recommended that BIPSU develop programs, offer training, and organize activities to enhance its curriculum, with a focus on critical thinking and communication skills, which are crucial for acquiring employment
Development of a Small Capacity Coconut Charcoal-Fired Peanut Roasting Machine and Performance Evaluation Using a Smartphone-Based Colorimeter Application
No full textThis study aimed to design and develop a compact coconut charcoal-fired peanut roasting machine with a 2-kg capacity, investigating the correlation between the roasting chamber temperature and peanut product output through linear regression analysis and correlation. The main components of the designed and developed peanut roasting machine include the frame, heating chamber, roasting chamber, furnace, and driving mechanism. The machine\u27s dimensions are 480 mm x 330 mm x 380 mm, with a furnace capacity of at least 1 kilogram of coconut charcoal. A low-speed motor was employed to drive the roasting chamber.
To assess the Maillard browning reaction resulting from the roasting process, a smartphone-based colorimeter application was utilized to measure the CIE L* ideal roasting color. The analysis indicated that as roasting time increased, the roasting chamber temperature also increased at a rate of 1.320, while the CIE L* decreased at a rate of 1.170. Pearson\u27s correlation analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between chamber temperature and CIE L*, with an r-value of 94.71% and statistical significance at p = 0.0073. Additionally, when plotting the trends of chamber temperature and CIE L*, the intersection point was observed at 21.8 minutes, indicating that the optimal roasting chamber temperature for the highest rate of temperature increase and CIE L* decrease is 134°C. The developed peanut roaster can roast 2 kg of skinless peanut using 1 kg of coco-shell charcoal and achieve the best roasting color in 22 minutes at 134oC
Synthesis of Highly Pure and Hydrophilic Metal-Nitride Thin Films Using Reactive High-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering
No full textThe increasingly widespread innovation of nanotechnology significantly affects our society, especially its contribution to economies. Nanosized metal nitrides possess interesting properties (e.g., highly corrosive resistant, good electrical properties, great metallic conductivity, etc.) that are capitalized, resulting in numerous applications. The thin film preparation procedure is an important step that determines the film\u27s characteristics, such as crystallographic orientation. Hence, this study pursues the synthesis of metal-nitride thin films and characterizes their properties for future possible applications. Vanadium nitride (VN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) were synthesized and deposited on silicon substrates via high-frequency magnetron sputtering. The crystalline structure of the thin films was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the wettability was determined using static contact angle measurement. Accordingly, the (311) phase of vanadium nitride and the (100) and (004) phases of aluminum nitride were observed with no impurities. Meanwhile, the static water contact angle indicated a hydrophilic property in both thin-film samples, as the values were observed to be less than 90°
ETHANOL YIELD IN THE PROCESSING OF FERMENTED LEACHATE FROM BASEY AND ORMOC CITY LANDFILL: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
No full textProduction of bioethanol from leachate, a byproduct from landfills, has been seen to be a potential solution that minimizes dependence on non-renewable energy resources and the threatening issues associated with environmental pollution due to solid wastes. Municipal solid waste is partly composed of organic matter, which produces ethanol compounds through anaerobic fermentation based on the previous study. This research study, therefore, presents the idea of a comparative analysis of the ethanol yield of fermented leachate from the sampling sites of Basey and Ormoc City in the Philippines. The study used the experimental research design using three different amounts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as formulation variants (150g, 200g, 250g) for both sampling sites. The production of the results showed that 7.045%, 9.39%, and 10.015%, then 6.88%, 7.615%, and 9.52% of average ethanol by volume from Ormoc City and Basey sampling sites, respectively. The result shows in the experiment that potential sugar content has a notable distinction for landfill sites but not the raw leachate. Results show that there is no interaction between the two factors. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the ethanol yield to the landfill sites and the concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition, results show that Ormoc sampling site has a better potential for bioethanol production than the Basey landfill. For further studies, the conduct of a comparative study on ethanol yield from leachate collected from different climates is highly encouraged, to further assess whether climate conditions, such as dry and wet seasons, directly affect potential ethanol yield
LAMBANOG ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTION FROM CATALYZED FERMENTATION AND DISTILLATION OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) WITH COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) SAP
No full textSpirits are alcoholic beverages obtained from distilling fermented wines, usually made from grains, fruits, and other ingredients rich in carbohydrates. In the Philippines, obtaining these materials for local production, especially for the sought-after grape-based wines, are either difficult to grow or expensive to acquire. The country produces liquors known as lambanog and tuba, made from the sap of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) trees. However, coconut is one of the major export products of the Philippines, and tapping the sap will prevent the tree from producing the fruits. Moreover, coconut trees provide various products; thus, lambanog production from the sap poses major competition in the agricultural sector. This study then aims to determine the suitability of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) as alternative raw material for lambanog production through catalyzed fermentation and distillation. The experiment designed formulations A, B, and C using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)-coconut sap suspension ratio of 1:10 (grams, yeast: mL, coconut sap) to 350, 400, and 500 grams of sweet potato, respectively. Results showed a direct relationship between percent alcohol by volume (% ABV) and the mass of sweet potato. Formulation C (20.95%) has the highest average % ABV compared to A (19.28%) and B (20.49), but all three passed the typical minimum range (15-25% ABV) expected of the first distillation of fermented wines, making the sweet potato liquor suitable to proceed for 2nd distillation for alcohol optimization. For future commercialization, Formulation A is practical in producing a cost-effective but quality lambanog, but formulation C is the best alternative regarding % ABV
AN INQUIRY INTO THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LINK BETWEEN PHILIPPINE INDUSTRIAL POLICY AND THE HIGH SCHOOL STEM TRACK
No full textThis paper is an initial attempt to emphasize the imperative of the link between the country\u27s industrial policy and the secondary education\u27s Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics or STEM track as necessary for Philippine economic development. Such interconnection reveals why there is a job-skills mismatch between STEM track graduates and actual industry needs. This study utilized comparative content analysis of curricula by juxtaposing the country\u27s high school STEM track with those of industrialized and economically developed countries (e.g. South Korea, India, Japan) secondary education curricula. Initial results show that the secondary education curricula in more developed countries embed actual theoretical and practical skills as required per sector (e.g. in South Korea\u27s curriculum, there is a foundational course on Industrial Chemistry and a practical course on Chemical Materials Management, Maintenance and Operation of Chemical Processes, Plastic Products Manufacturing, etc. for those who want to specialize in Chemical Engineering) as compared with the Philippines\u27 high school STEM curriculum which is relatively broad and not sector- or industry-specific. Also, industrialized countries\u27 secondary education curricula are more advanced in terms of topical coverage and competencies (e.g. a stand-alone subject on artificial intelligence in the curriculum of India), making Filipino STEM track graduates below par. This comparative conceptual exploration will provide policy recommendations on how the Philippines\u27 high school STEM curricula can be improved as well as other related policy insights that link education with economic development
POTENTIAL OF KOROT (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) TUBERS AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
No full textDioscorea hispida Dennst., locally referred to as "Korot" in some parts of Eastern Visayas, Philippines, is a species of yam known for its intoxicating property due to its reportedly high dioscorine content. Since the present use for food of D. hispida is continuously hampered by the poisonous nature of the tubers, this work investigates the potential of Korot as an alternative bioethanol feedstock. The study followed a specified experimental design in converting Korot starch into bioethanol using three (3) different Korot concentrations (5, 10, 15 % w/w), in dry basis, performed in triplicate. The process consisted of three main phases: gelatinization, liquefaction, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Samples were gelatinized for sixty (60) minutes, followed by forty (40) minutes of liquefaction with the enzyme α-amylase (1000U/g), and 144 h of SSF with enzyme glucoamylase (50,000U/g) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with no enzyme recovery. The bioethanol yield calculation was based on the estimated substrate consumption during SSF. After 144 hours of SSF, the highest ethanol productivity and bioethanol yield obtained are 0.293 g/Lh-1 and 19.35%, respectively, both observed in the processing of the sample with the highest initial Korot concentration (15% w/w). The ANOVA results showed that there exists a statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between the initial Korot concentration present in the sample and both the ethanol productivity and bioethanol yield. The results of this study confirmed that Korot is a suitable raw material in producing bioethanol through SSF, and thus has the potential to be an alternative bioethanol feedstock
The Business of Bitcoins’ Appreciated Allure, with the Glint of Regulation: A Review
No full textThis systematic review article analyzes that a feature missing in the common economic conditions for money is the “allure†or “appreciation†of it, with specific application to the history of money, the rise of bitcoins, their technological advancement, the potential of future regulation, and the overall future possibilities of money. Are bitcoins a commodity, an investment, a speculative asset, a fiat currency, or all of the above? A substantial literature review is first conducted, to scrutinize what is the general scholarly consensus, and whether bitcoins are better suited for such speculation or investment by managers and citizens. These conceptual questions are then thoroughly surveyed through additional research, using: descriptive statistics; bitcoins’ celebrity endorsements; and an analysis of bitcoins’ technological requirements, such as its energy usage, as well as its ability for record keeping, all while considering regulations and future currency development. The article generally finds, from consensus, and from its own analysis, that due to allure, but also due to traditional standards, that the future economy will use more technological forms and features of money, and that the definition of money itself will become even more complex.