Trend and Future of Agribusiness
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Integrating land suitability assessment and socioeconomic indicators for Robusta coffee development
No full textBackground: Robusta coffee is a strategic commodity supporting rural livelihoods and the national economy. However, average productivity (≈0.7 t/ha/year) remains far below its potential (2.5–3.0 t/ha/year). This gap reflects not only biophysical land constraints but also socio-economic limitations. An integrated assessment combining land suitability and socio-economic conditions is therefore necessary for sustainable development planning. Methods: This study was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021 using a descriptive-exploratory and survey approach. Soil samples were analyzed in university laboratories, and biophysical conditions were evaluated using Land Suitability Classification (LSC) through a matching method based on crop requirements. Socio-economic conditions were measured using a Socio-Economic Index (SEI) calculated through min–max normalization (0–1 scale) with equal indicator weighting. LSC and SEI were integrated to assess development potential and readiness. Findings: All study sites were classified as S3 (marginally suitable), limited by low organic carbon, poor drainage, and shallow soil depth. SEI values ranged from 0.15 to 0.63, indicating varying socio-economic readiness across villages. The integrated analysis shows that development feasibility depends not only on land characteristics but also on farmers’ socio-economic capacity, influencing the sustainability and productivity of Robusta cultivation. Conclusion: Integrating LSC and SEI provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating regional development potential. Sustainable Robusta expansion requires addressing both land limitations and socio-economic empowerment to reduce the productivity gap. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study proposes a multidimensional LSC–SEI framework that bridges biophysical and socio-economic dimensions, offering a strategic decision-support model for sustainable agricultural planning
Drivers and barriers to Agroforestry adoption among forest farmers: A systematic review
No full textBackground: Agroforestry is widely promoted as a sustainable land-use system that addresses poverty, environmental degradation, and climate change. Despite its strategic role, adoption among forest farmer groups remains limited, indicating a gap between policy ambition and field-level implementation. Identifying the determinants influencing adoption decisions is therefore essential to improve intervention strategies. Methods: This study applies a systematic literature review of empirical publications from 2020–2025. Selected studies were synthesized to identify key determinants of agroforestry adoption, organized into four analytical pillars: economic, socio-cultural, institutional, and ecological factors. Findings: Agroforestry adoption emerges as a multifaceted decision shaped by interacting structural and contextual factors. Economically, income diversification and market access act as major incentives, though high initial costs and delayed returns constrain uptake. Socio-cultural factors, particularly farmer group participation, education, and social capital, significantly increase adoption likelihood. Institutional support—especially secure land tenure under Social Forestry programs and access to extension services—plays a decisive enabling role. Ecological pressures, including land degradation and soil erosion, frequently trigger transitions toward agroforestry as a resilience strategy. These determinants operate interdependently rather than independently. Conclusion: Effective agroforestry promotion requires integrated policies that simultaneously address economic viability, social capacity, institutional support, and ecological conditions. A holistic support ecosystem is needed to position farmers as active agents of sustainable land transformation. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This review synthesizes recent empirical evidence into a four-pillar analytical framework, conceptualizing agroforestry adoption as a dynamic and systemic process, and providing a structured basis for more coherent, evidence-based policy design
The role of farmer groups and agricultural extension services in enhancing rice productivity and farm income
No full textBackground: The rising national demand for rice has drawn attention as farmers face low rice productivity and inadequate farm income. Farmer groups and agricultural extension agents are predicted to tackle these problems; however, their specific contributions remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to examine the roles of farmer organizations and extension agents in improving rice productivity and farm income in Indonesia. Methods: This study employed 2024 cross-sectional data covering all provinces of Indonesia, gathered from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Ministry of Agriculture. Further, the data for rice productivity are specific, while the available farm income data represent overall agricultural income due to data limitations. Our study analyzed the data employing two separate multiple linear regression approaches, incorporating composite indices for farmer groups and extension agents, as well as priority province status as control variables to assess the influence of these actors on rice productivity and farm income. Findings: The study finds that neither farmer organizations nor extension agents hava a significant effect on rice productivity. However, farmer organizations display an adverse effect on farm income at the 10% significance level, while extension agents have a positive but statistically insignificant effect. Additionally, the priority province variable shows statistical significance at the 1% level for rice productivity but not for farm income. Conclusion: The findings conclude that strengthening farmer organizations and extension services in Indonesia remains a major concern for improving rice productivity and farm income. Despite these insights, using aggregate farm income data remains a limitation that can not fully reflect the specific economic dimension of rice-based farming. Novelty/Originality of this article: Prior research focused on data from a specific region, whereas this article employs national data to provide a broader analysis of farmer organizations and extension agents
The role of bioindicator plants in environmental forensics: Potential applications for detecting heavy metal pollution in agricultural landscapes
No full textBackground: Heavy metal contamination in Indonesian agricultural lands poses serious risks to ecosystem stability, food security, and public health. Major sources include excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as industrial and domestic waste. Bioindicator plants can detect heavy metal pollutants through absorption and accumulation in plant tissues. Integrating bioindicator approaches into environmental forensic studies may strengthen pollution detection and support sustainable land management. Methods: This study employed a literature review and secondary data analysis to examine the potential of bioindicator plants in supporting environmental forensic investigations of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils. Findings: Common heavy metals identified in Indonesian agricultural lands include Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn. Frequently studied bioindicator plants are Oryza sativa, Eichhornia crassipes, Ipomoea aquatica, Ficus benghalensis, and Pteris vittata. Existing national research primarily focuses on ecological monitoring and phytoremediation, while limited attention has been given to contamination tracing, source identification, standardized analytical methods, and integration with environmental forensic frameworks. This indicates significant methodological and conceptual gaps in applying bioindicator science for evidentiary and investigative purposes. Conclusion: Bioindicator plants have strong potential as scientific tools for detecting and tracing heavy metal contamination. Strengthening their integration into environmental forensic frameworks can enhance evidence-based pollution control and promote sustainable agricultural land management in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study systematically positions bioindicator plants within an environmental forensic framework, moving beyond conventional ecological monitoring toward contamination tracing and evidentiary assessment, thereby providing a conceptual foundation for more reliable pollution detection strategies
Strategic evaluation of the black soldier fly maggot supply chain for sustainable agribusiness development
No full textBackground: Optimal and efficient management is needed in handling food waste so that it does not become an environmental problem that impacts global warming, one of which is in Surakarta. One solution is to use maggots derived from black soldier fly larvae for food waste management. The importance of the role of maggots is not in line with its supply chain in Surakarta City, so the operation system is not optimal. This study aims to evaluate how the maggot supply chain in Surakarta is illustrated and provide strategies for the sustainability of the maggot supply chain in Surakarta amid various existing obstacles. Methods: This study uses qualitative descriptive techniques with purposive sampling for the selection of informants and experts and continues with analytical techniques using ISM-MICMAC and AHP. Findings: The ISM–MICMAC results identify a four-level hierarchical structure of the BSF maggot supply chain in Surakarta. Labor and technology are the main driver variables with strong driving power and low dependency, playing a crucial role in system performance. Weather factors act as external drivers requiring effective risk mitigation. Operational factors, including feed availability, market demand, and supply chain cooperation, are highly dependent on higher-level drivers, while pest disturbance appears as a purely consequential variable. The absence of linkage variables indicates a relatively stable system structure. Overall, strengthening labor, technology adoption, and climate adaptability is key to achieving a resilient and sustainable maggot supply chain. Conclusion: The evaluation of the maggot supply chain in Surakarta City can be divided based on the priority numbers to be paid more attention. There needs to be synergy of cooperation between supply chain actors to ensure the sustainability of production in the future. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study is that there is no research on the evaluation and strategy of the maggot supply chain in the city of Surakarta as well as the combination of analysis methods using the ISM-MICMAC and AHP approaches
A system dynamics model for rice farmers’ livelihood resilience in Indonesia coastal area
Full text linkBackground: Climate change has become a major global challenge, particularly for vulnerable archipelagic and agrarian countries like Indonesia. Many rice fields in coastal areas—including Cirebon District—are highly exposed to extreme climate events such as prolonged droughts. These conditions disrupt rice farmers’ livelihood systems and reduce their income, threatening their overall livelihood resilience. Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach by integrating qualitative and quantitative data to develop a system dynamics model. The model explored interactions between livelihood capital assets, self-organization, learning capacity, and climate conditions. Livelihood resilience was assessed through farmers’ income as a key livelihood outcome. Finding: Model outcomes show that rice farmers’ livelihood systems are not resilient to drought impacts, as their income consistently falls below the ideal threshold. Drought events disrupt livelihoods and lead to income losses, and current farmer-led adaptation efforts are insufficient to improve resilience. Without intervention from government or relevant stakeholders, the livelihood system is projected to remain non-resilient in the future. Conclusion: Rice farmers in Cirebon District lack adequate resilience to cope with drought impacts. Strengthening livelihood resilience requires targeted government interventions to improve critical subsystems, including irrigation governance, crop insurance mechanisms, adaptive farming capacity, and access to climate information. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a system-level understanding of rice farmers’ livelihood resilience by integrating system dynamics modeling with mixed-methods data. It offers a holistic analysis of how livelihood assets, learning capacity, self-organization, and climate stressors interact, and identifies leverage points for policy intervention in drought-prone coastal regions
Peluang investasi dan daya dukung lingkungan usaha penangkapan ikan di Kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Full text linkBackground: Majene Regency, which is located in West Sulawesi Province, is part of the Republic of Indonesia State Fisheries Management Area (WPPNRI) 713. It has a coastline length of approximately 125 km2, a sea area of more than 13,124 km2, and a land area of around 947.84 km2. The potential fish resources are 1,026,599 million tonnes per year, mainly consisting of small pelagic fish, large pelagic fish, demersal fish, coral fish, penaeid shrimp, lobsters, crabs, and squid. Methods: This research uses scientific literature sources, government publications, policy documents, academic databases including scientific journals, and books to obtain a comprehensive and up-to-date view. Findings: Data shows that capture fisheries production in Majene Regency produces 7,458 tonnes of marine fisheries products. Conclusion: This increased from the previous year's 4.36 percent from 2017 to 2018. The largest marine fisheries production came from Banggae District, contributing 21.87 percent to Majene Regency's fisheries production. Aquaculture production originating from ponds decreased by 46.36 percent from 2017 to 2018. The amount of investment entering Western Province is still relatively low, namely being ranked 30th out of 34 provinces in Indonesia and in last position. out of 5 provinces in Sulawesi
Sustainable urban farming management: A comparison study in Thailand and Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Urban farming is the process of producing food and other products on urban land that provides social and environmental benefits and reduces negative environmental, social and health impacts associated with urban production and consumption patterns. Findings: This article identifies the key characteristics of urban agriculture in Thailand and Indonesia, focusing on the approaches and administration of production and distribution procedures. Methods: The approach employed in this article involves descriptive analysis, utilizing data sources derived from literature reviews of diverse scientific articles associated with urban farming management in Thailand and Indonesia in the 2015-2023 timeframe and then comparative analysis. Conclusion: Urban farming management in Thailand, especially in the Bangkok Metro Regions (BMR), and in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta, faces various challenges. The BMR in Thailand has been trying to improve food self-sufficiency since 2010, utilizing canals as a source of irrigation and transportation, and has the constraint of the lack of connection of urban agricultural actors to traditional markets. High population density and conversion of agricultural land in Jakarta are serious problems, especially after the 1998 economic crisis, urban agriculture developed with residents using land for agriculture, but uncertainty over land rights increased due to industrialization. A challenge in urban agriculture management in Thailand and Indonesia is the lack of coordination in urban agriculture regulations and infrastructure and stakeholders can address this through better communication between urban agricultural actors, retailers, and non-farming households
Analisis partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengembangan usaha wisata berbasis industri kreatif di Kampung Wisata Kreatif Cigadung
Full text linkBackground: This research is based on the development system in KWK Cigadung which has not yet run optimally and the phenomenon of economic disparity that occurs among business actors who still stand individually. Findings: The aim of this research is to analyze the forms of community participation in the development of creative tourism businesses in the Creative Tourism Village of Cigadung. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study with data triangulation techniques through observation, documentation, and interviews conducted with related community communities. The theory of community participation and the theory of business development) served as the basis for analyzing community participation and identifying the potential and obstacles of participation in business development. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the dominant form of participation is demonstrated by business actors through their skill potential in creative product diversification, skill training, and batik workshops as well as cultural performances. The participation provided contributes significantly to the increase in income and product quality for several business actors. However, the main obstacle found is the lack of participation from human resources in supporting development and a poorly coordinated management system, limited management in compiling tourism packages causing disparities among business actors, and suboptimal marketing strategies. Recommendations from this research include evaluation and improvement of community meetings for program development, development of structured tourism packages through community collaboration in combining diverse attractions, and enhancement of digital marketing strategies through collaboration with stakeholders
Energi terbarukan: analisis kebijakan pemanfaatan biodisel kelapa sawit sebagai bahan bakar nabati nasional di tengah kontroversinya sebagai faktor pendorong deforestasi
Full text linkoai:ojs2.journal-iasssf.com:article/543Background: In the midst of the controversy over bioenergy or biofuels as a driving factor for global deforestation, Indonesia is dependent on its palm oil commodities which have been built for years and consume millions of hectares of land. Indonesia's dependence on these commodities to meet domestic and foreign markets is regulated by the biodiesel policy or ESDM Ministerial Decree No. 12 of 2015 concerning the Provision, Utilization and Trading Administration of Vegetable Fuels (Biofuel) as Other Fuels, which states that the use of biodiesel levels in the future will continue to increase, from B20 to B30, then to B40 and so on. However, to be able to meet these policy targets, there is a risk of land clearing. This policy paper discusses what important issues from an economic, social and environmental perspective are related to the development of the palm oil biodiesel industry in Indonesia and what needs to be prioritized in determining future government policy to ensure that sustainable development can be pursued and emission reductions reach targets. Methods: The research method used in this paper is a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis of data collected from literature study. Findings: Apart from that, there are various issues regarding palm oil management, both from a social, economic and environmental perspective, that still need to be addressed, considering that Indonesia is internationally committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 30% by 2030. Conclusion: Overall In short, there are five recommendations for palm oil biodiesel policy for the future, namely: 1. There is a need for clear data that can support policy decision making; 2. Indonesia needs to evaluate fossil fuel subsidy policies from developing countries that have succeeded in developing their renewable energy sectors; 3. There is a need for intensification, technological improvisation and sustainable agricultural practices on existing oil palm plantation land to meet national bioenergy needs; 4. Prioritizing collaboration between sectors in developing the industry; and 5. The government must be firm in determining a consistent future palm oil biodiesel policy so as not to harm many parties