Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU) Journals
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Social Rejection, Internet Addiction, and Depression as Predictors of Deviant Behaviour among In-School Adolescents in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study investigated the predictive roles of social rejection, internet addiction, and depression on deviant behaviour among in-school adolescents in Abeokuta, Ogun State. A descriptive survey design was employed, with 227 adolescents selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Standardized instruments, including the Social Rejection Scale (Downey & Feldman, 1996), Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998), Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck et al., 1996), and Deviant Behaviour Scale (Achenbach, 1991), were used to collect data. Ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality, were strictly observed. Data were analysed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between social rejection (r = 0.563, p < 0.01), internet addiction (r = 0.449, p < 0.01), depression (r = 0.601, p < 0.01), and deviant behaviour. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the three predictors jointly explained 46% of the variance in deviant behaviour (R = 0.678, R² = 0.460, F(3,223) = 61.34, p < 0.001). Relative contributions showed depression as the strongest predictor (β = 0.352, t = 5.18, p < 0.001), followed by social rejection (β = 0.285, t = 4.62, p < 0.001), and internet addiction (β = 0.212, t = 3.41, p < 0.01). The study concluded that social, emotional, and digital factors significantly influence deviant behaviour in adolescents, with emotional distress being the most influential determinant. Recommendations include school-based mental health programmes, peer integration initiatives, parental monitoring, and digital literacy education to reduce deviant tendencies. The findings highlight the need for holistic interventions targeting multiple psychosocial domains to promote adolescent well-being
Assessment Of The Activities Of The Vigilante Group Of Nigeria In Kwara Central, Nigeria
Full text linkThe situation of insecurity in Nigeria has given rise to non-governmental security organizations such as the Vigilante Group of Nigeria (VGN). While these groups may offer some benefits by leveraging their understanding of local communities, their operations also raise complex concerns. This study assessed the efficiency of the VGN’s operations and activities in Kwara Central, Kwara State. The study relied on the Social Control Theory which notes that the society has the capacity to institute and maintain social norms within society Mixed methods research design was adopted and a total of 432 respondents participated in this study. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis respectively. Findings show that while collaborating with traditional rulers, community members and other security agencies, Vigilante Group of Nigeria plays crucial roles in securing Kwara Central by providing security to rural and urban communities. However, lack of legal backup, funding and training are parts of the challenges hindering their activities. This study concludes that the VGN’s activities are efficient in reducing crime in Kwara Central and recommends that government should provide the necessary support in the areas of constitutional recognition, professional training and funding to further strengthen the operations of the Group
Psychosocial Predictors of Social Media Addiction among Adolescents in Ibadan Metropolis
Full text linkSocial media addiction has emerged as a growing behavioural concern among adolescents, with evidence linking it to psychosocial stressors and maladaptive coping patterns. Despite increasing global attention, few empirical studies have examined the complex pathways leading to social media addiction within the Nigerian context. This study investigated the predictive roles of perceived stress, sleep disorders, childhood trauma, peer influence, parenting styles, and socioeconomic status on social media addiction among inschool adolescents in Ibadan metropolis. It also explored the moderating effects of gender and sexual orientation on these relationships using a path analysis approach. A crosssectional design was adopted. Through a multistage sampling procedure, 470 adolescents were drawn from secondary schools across five local government areas in Ibadan. Standardised instruments were used, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Peer Pressure Inventory, Parenting Style Scale, and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Perceived stress (β = 0.32, p < .001), sleep disorders (β = 0.28, p < .001), childhood trauma (β = 0.25, p < .01), peer influence (β = 0.37, p < .001), parenting styles (β = 0.21, p < .01), and socio-economic status (β = 0.18, p < .05) significantly predicted social media addiction. Gender moderated the relationship between perceived stress and social media addiction (Δχ² = 6.12, p < .05), while sexual orientation moderated the relationship between peer influence and social media addiction (Δχ² = 5.48, p < .05). The findings indicate that social media addiction among adolescents in Ibadan is shaped by multiple psychosocial factors, with notable variations based on gender and sexual orientation. Targeted school interventions, improved parental guidance, and supportive counselling frameworks are essential to reduce excessive and problematic social media use in this population
Communication Skills of Labour Leaders as Correlates of Conflict Resolution in Public Tertiary Educational Institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examined communication skills of labour leaders as correlates of conflict resolution in public tertiary educational institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria. It used descriptive survey research design and selected 172 respondents. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested using correlation and regression analysis at 0.05 significance level. Questionnaire containing two sections was validated using Cronbach alpha (score = 0.86 and 0.82 respectively). The results indicated strong positive correlation between labour leaders’ communication skills and their conflict resolution performance (0.750-0.940, all p values <0.001), adaptation of communication strategies according to conflict types significantly affects resolution outcomes (F = 427.480, p < 0.001). Furthermore, factors of communication skills significantly explained the quality of relationships between labour leaders and other stakeholders (F = 836.945, p < 0.001). The study therefore recommended that there should be formal training and the provision of communication resources for skills enhancement of labour leaders
Cognitive Styles, Attention Regulation, and Sleep Quality as Predictors of Academic Performance among Junior Secondary School Students in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Full text linkAcademic performance among adolescents is shaped by cognitive, behavioural, and physiological processes. Research has highlighted the role of thinking styles, attentional control, and sleep quality, but limited evidence exists from the Nigerian context, particularly among junior secondary school students. This study investigated the influence of cognitive styles, attention regulation, and sleep quality on the academic performance of students in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. A quantitative survey design was adopted. A total of 221 students were randomly drawn from three Local Government Areas in Ado-Ekiti. Standardised instruments were employed to measure cognitive styles, attention regulation, and sleep quality, while academic performance was assessed using cumulative grade point averages. Data were analysed using regression statistics at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that cognitive styles (B = 2.80, β = 0.28, p < 0.001), attention regulation (B = 3.10, β = 0.31, p < 0.001), and sleep quality (B = 1.90, β = 0.19, p = 0.004) each significantly predicted academic performance. The full model was significant, F(3, 217) = 52.34, p < 0.001, explaining 42% of the variance in academic performance (R² = 0.42). Cognitive styles, attention regulation, and sleep quality are important predictors of students’ academic success. It is recommended that educators promote flexible cognitive strategies, integrate attention regulation training (such as mindfulness exercises) into classroom practices, and encourage healthy sleep habits to enhance learning outcomes. Policymakers should also design intervention programmes that address these psychosocial and physiological factors
Work–Life Balance, Counselling Support, and Job Performance among Secondary School Teachers in Abeokuta, Ogun State
Full text linkThis study investigated the relationships and predictive effects of work–life balance and counselling support on job performance among secondary school teachers in Abeokuta, Ogun State. A total of 90 teachers were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique from three local government areas, with three schools in each area and ten teachers from each school. Data were collected using structured questionnaires adapted from validated instruments measuring work–life balance, counselling support, and job performance. Pearson’s product-moment correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the research questions. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between work–life balance and job performance (r = .61, p < .01) and between counselling support and job performance (r = .54, p < .01). Work–life balance and counselling support were also positively interrelated (r = .49, p < .01). Multiple regression analysis indicated that work–life balance and counselling support jointly contributed significantly to teachers’ job performance (R = .68, R² = .46, F(2, 87) = 45.18, p < .01), accounting for 46% of the variance in performance. Relative contribution analysis showed that work–life balance (β = .52, p < .01) had a stronger predictive effect than counselling support (β = .36, p < .01). The results underscore the critical role of both personal management strategies and institutional support in enhancing occupational effectiveness among secondary school teachers. Work–life balance emerged as the primary determinant of job performance, while counselling support acted as a complementary mechanism that strengthens resilience, emotional regulation, and coping strategies. The study recommends that school administrators implement policies promoting flexible scheduling, workload management, and accessible counselling services to optimise teachers’ professional performance and wellbeing, ultimately improving educational outcomes for students
Peer Pressure, Self-Esteem, and Parental Monitoring as Predictors of Substance Abuse among Out-of-School Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examined the relationships, joint contribution, and relative contribution of peer pressure, self-esteem, and parental monitoring to substance abuse among out-of-school adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted, and a total of 276 participants were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique from five Local Government Areas. Standardised instruments were used to measure peer pressure, self-esteem, parental monitoring, and substance abuse. Data were analysed using Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis at a 0.05 significance level. The results indicated significant relationships between peer pressure, self-esteem, parental monitoring, and substance abuse. Peer pressure was positively correlated with substance abuse (r = .63, p < .01), while self-esteem (r = –.48, p < .01) and parental monitoring (r = –.52, p < .01) were negatively correlated. Multiple regression analysis showed that peer pressure, self-esteem, and parental monitoring jointly contributed significantly to substance abuse (R = .72, R² = .52, F(3, 272) = 64.38, p < .05), accounting for 52% of the variance in substance abuse. The relative contribution revealed that peer pressure (β = .49, t = 9.34, p < .05) was the strongest predictor, followed by self-esteem (β = –.28, t = –5.33, p < .05) and parental monitoring (β = –.26, t = –4.95, p < .05). The study concluded that peer influence significantly increases the likelihood of substance abuse among out-of-school adolescents, while high self-esteem and effective parental monitoring serve as protective factors. It is recommended that interventions should focus on strengthening adolescents’ self-esteem, enhancing parental involvement, and promoting positive peer networks to mitigate substance abuse in this vulnerable population
The Political And Humanitarian Crisis In Yemen: Causes And Consequences
Full text linkYemen\u27s humanitarian and political crisis is among the most complicated and destructive of the twenty-first century. As a result of persistent starvation, airstrikes and missile attacks, and inadequate access to healthcare, thousands of people have been reported dead. The basis for this paper\u27s assessment of Yemen\u27s political and humanitarian crisis, with a focus on identifying its roots and effects, was the crisis\u27s severity and worldwide concern. The paper adopted the desk research method, while realism theory served as the theoretical foundation. The study found that despite multiple attempts to resolve the crisis, Yemen\u27s historical fragmentation, weak institutions and poor governance, the growth of terrorist organisations, the geopolitical interests of both regional and international countries, and the constant missile attacks on civilian infrastructure, farmlands, and healthcare facilities exacerbated the political and humanitarian crisis. As a result, widespread mortality, permanent population displacement, poverty, ongoing water scarcity, food insecurity, etc., became the norm. Therefore, the study concluded that the Yemeni crisis is a terrible junction of humanitarian suffering and political dysfunction, necessitating immediate and multidimensional remedies. Therefore, it recommends that inclusive political discourse between domestic parties be given top priority, demilitarise and safeguard civilian infrastructure, address economic collapse, hold local and international offenders accountable, and promote transitional justice
Cybercrime among Delta State University Students, Abraka, Nigeria, from 2015 to 2024
Full text linkThe study examined the effect of cybercrime on Delta State University, Abraka (DELSU) between 2015 and 2024. The study adopts a historical qualitative study with interview to gather data for the study. Relying on secondary data from academic literature, government reports, oral interviews and institutional records to access the prevalence, impacts, and responses to cybercrime within the university. Those interviewed are victims, ICT staffs, student union leaders, and some students who are involved in cybercrime. The findings revealed that cybercrime was widespread among students and staff, with phishing, hacking, financial fraud, identity theft, and social media scams being the most common forms. These activities compromised academic integrity by enabling grade manipulation, disrupting administrative processes such as admissions and record-keeping, and threatened research security. The socio-economic effects were equally significant. Students and staff frequently experienced financial losses, emotional stress, and reputational damage, while the visibility of student involvement in internet fraud (“Yahoo Yahoo”) tarnished the university’s public image and undermined graduates’ employability. The university implemented measures including ICT upgrades, awareness campaigns, and disciplinary sanctions. However, these strategies were often reactive, inconsistent, and underfunded, leaving the institution vulnerable to persistent and evolving threats. The study concluded that effective mitigation required a more proactive and holistic approach, combining robust cybersecurity infrastructure, digital ethics education, legal enforcement, and collaborative partnerships. Without coordinated action, DELSU and similar institutions remained at risk of significant academic, administrative, and socio-economic harm
Foreign Policy Autonomy under Debt: How Chinese Loans Affect Africa’s International Bargaining Power
Full text linkThis paper looks at how Chinese loans affect Africa’s ability to set its own foreign policy, using dependency theory as the main framework. The study argues that while Chinese funding gives African countries important resources for infrastructure and development, it also creates a dependence that affects their international bargaining power. Three key mechanisms are identified: financial dependence and contractual governance, which allow creditor influence over fiscal and policy decisions and limit independent action; commodity lock-in through resource-backed loans (RBLs), which tie national revenue streams to paying off debt; and strategic reciprocity in diplomacy, where financial support is linked to aligning foreign policy. Notable examples from Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Zambia, Ghana, and Ethiopia show how debt obligations affect political decisions, voting patterns in international forums, infrastructure ownership, and access to other funding sources. The paper also acknowledges the agency of African states, noting that they can use competition among creditors, build diverse partnerships, and negotiate better terms. However, their autonomy depends on transparency, coherent creditor coordination, and strong domestic debt management systems. The findings highlight that while Chinese loans can provide a way to advance development, they may also limit foreign policy choices when debt becomes unmanageable. Recommendations include improving transparency in debt contracts, creating stronger frameworks for debt sustainability, reducing reliance on resource-backed loans, enhancing domestic revenue collection, and promoting collective negotiation within regional groups. The study concludes that balancing development needs with sovereignty requires careful financial governance, which makes dependency theory a useful tool for understanding Africa’s bargaining position under debt