Global Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts
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Digital Health Revolution: Wearables in Health Informatics
Get PDFAdvancements in wearable technology have enabled health informatics to continuously monitor an individual’s health and behavior.The review looks at various wearables for consumers and medical use and how they support chronic disease management, monitoring patients from a distance, spotting diseases early, and personalized care. Wearable data can be added to health information systems so that healthcare professionals can improve decisions and offer preventive healthcare. Still, issues such as data accuracy, privacy, challenges with sharing information, and following regulations are making it difficult for more people to use Block chain. Innovations in sensors, AI, smart clothes, and handling data are expected to remove these problems and improve the accuracy, confidentiality, and user experience of wearables. Because of their continual advancements, wearables will have a greater impact on health informatics to help patients and support public health. It brings out how wearable technology can have a significant impact on healthcare and points out the main obstacles to using them successfully
From Algorithms to AI: A Comprehensive Review of Core Concepts in Computer Science
Get PDFThe review delves into the very ideas of Computer Science and constantly-developing fields, thoroughly reviewing the theoretical basis and the most modern technologies. The theory is started with basic concepts like algorithms, data structures and models of computation then moves to programming paradigms, architecture of computation, and operating systems. The explanations are carried out to its practical fields such as databases, networking, software engineering and artificial intelligence. Emerging fields like quantum computing, human-computer interaction, cloud and edge computing and ethical considerations are also outlined. Through the combination of fundamental knowledge and its application in the real world, the review highlights the cross-disciplinary purpose of Computer Science and its central role in innovation of the present times. The goal of this synthesis is to help learners, educators, and professionals learn the depth and relevance, as well as the future development direction of the field
Harnessing AI for Product Design and Processing
Get PDFThis review brings forth the major changes that Artificial Intelligence is bringing to product design and manufacturing. Thanks to generative design, machine learning and computer vision, AI makes creativity, optimization and automation much easier in product development. In designing products, AI speeds up coming up with new ideas, testing ideas and meeting customer needs and in processing products, it raises the quality, helps prevent problems and automates several tasks in smart facilities. The writing covers the key aspects of artificial intelligence, important tools involved and recent advancements. While AI greatly helps, still, some obstacles, for instance, problems with data quality, mixing multiple systems, transparent explanations and ethical questions persist. After that, considerations are given to areas such as sustainable design, working together with AI and explainable AI, revealing how AI could lead to more advanced, efficient and ethical development of products. This overview proves useful for researchers, engineers and industry leaders who want to apply AI to succeed against competition
Privacy, Policy, and Progress: Reviewing the Regulatory Landscape in Health Informatics
Get PDFBecause of health informatics, digital systems can now gather, analyze and trade health information. Nevertheless, using new technologies such as electronic health records, artificial intelligence and telehealth brings up important issues related to data privacy, proper use and being controlled by rules. It reviews basic health informatics principles and studies international rules, like HIPAA and GDPR, pointing out the difficulties in fulfilling these rules and the need for similar regulations. It also deals with ethical issues about consent, who owns data and the bias found in algorithms, as well as rules that ensure both progress and responsibility. AI, block chain and remote monitoring have huge potential, but to avoid problems, strong guidelines should be adopted. The review underlines how adaptive and inclusive governance guarantees progress in health informatics by focusing on patients’ rights and technology at the same time
Quality and Efficiency in the Age of AI: A Review of Healthcare Informatics, Computer Science Innovations, Nanocarrier Drug Delivery, Cybersecurity, Food Production, and Lean Six Sigma
Get PDFComputational technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) are revolutionizing the healthcare, food production, and biomedical research spheres through the increase of efficiency, quality, and optimization. This review discusses AI-controlled healthcare systems, health informatics, nanocarrier drug delivery, computational modeling, and cybersecurity and their role in diagnostics, patient care, and optimization of operations. Simultaneously, AI-based solutions in the agricultural sector, food production, and supply chain management enhance resource use and sustainability. The combination of the Lean Six Sigma and AI indicates quantifiable improvements in the efficiency of processes in the domains. Ethical, technical and regulatory issues are presented, focusing on the interdisciplinary cooperation and future research strategies on the way to the sustainable, intelligent, and high-quality systems
Cardiovascular Diseases: Understanding the Leading Cause of Death Worldwide
Get PDFThis comprehensive review paper thoroughly explains the complex domain of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), offering a detailed overview of their various aspects. This review effectively explores the role of atherosclerosis as the central factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It highlights the chronic and asymptomatic nature of these diseases, emphasizing their significant impact on worldwide mortality and morbidity. An in-depth examination of risk factors reveals the significant influence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The conversation smoothly moves on to coronary artery disease, providing insight into the complex mechanisms of plaque formation and its potentially devastating outcomes, including stroke and myocardial infarction. The review provides significant insights into cerebrovascular illnesses, clarifying the diverse etiologies and highlighting the essential connection between risk factors and atherosclerosis. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is analyzed meticulously, focusing on endothelial dysfunction and emphasizing the interaction between oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the degradation of the heart muscle. The frequency of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is examined by considering age and gender, and by doing a detailed investigation into hormone replacement therapy and its effects on the aging heart. This article comprehensively analyzes atherosclerosis as a significant risk to the small blood vessels, with particular emphasis on dyslipidemia and its association with diabetes. This review explores the influence of diabetes on the autonomic nervous system and local metabolism, establishing links to macro vascular disorders. Inflammation has an important role in causing cardiovascular diseases specifically in obese people. The article focuses on the clinical symptoms of cardiovascular diseases caused by diabetes, highlighting the significance of promptly identifying and evaluating autonomic neuropathy. The report finishes by endorsing a comprehensive approach to cardiovascular health, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle variables and patient education in the context of secondary prevention. The article emphasizes the relevance of pharmacotherapies in managing cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Diabetes Mellitus Disclosure: A Comprehensive Review on a Global Issue
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is a long-term metabolic disease associated with increased blood sugar levels that result from imperfections in insulin secretion. It is a genetic disorder that affects millions of people annually and inflicts substantial health threats. Various genetic and environmental factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is induced by an autoimmune reaction in the body that causes the deterioration of insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas. Whereas, Type 2 diabetes is a more severe form that is illustrated by the resistance and hindrance of insulin production. The contributing risk factors for diabetes comprise the genetic history of diabetes mellitus, overweight, poor way of living, and increasing age. The complexities linked with diabetes influence different organs by inducing heart disorders, nephrosis, retinal vascular disease, and peripheral neuropathy. Since diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, it can develop the risk of other infections that affect the person’s fitness. Management techniques for diabetes are important for keeping blood glucose levels in check. Insulin therapy, a healthy lifestyle, and proper exercise are crucial parameters to prevent diabetes mellitus. Some oral medications and injectable treatments aim to enhance the susceptibility, efficacy, and secretion of insulin to inhibit glucose assimilation. By comprehending the etiology and potential determinants, we can execute extensive management procedures to eliminate the soaring occurrence and problems analogous to diabetes mellitus. This review essentially highlights the essential factors linked with diabetes mellitus and useful management to improve the grade of life for people impacted by this chronic disease
Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Management and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases
Get PDFCardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. The following are risk factors for cardiovascular disease: smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, inflammation, and hypertension. From the immediate effects of the gut microbiota on energy metabolism and obesity to the adjacent interaction between periodontal illness, heart attack, and stroke, microorganisms have a major effect on cardiovascular health. The probability of affecting or determining microorganisms is associated with probiotic and prebiotic applications. Probiotics are referred to as "live microorganisms that, when used in sufficient amounts, provide major advantageous effects for the host." The effectiveness of probiotics can be determined by the relationship between probiotic bacteria and the host\u27s microbiome. Many of these fermented strains of probiotic bacteria are obtained from foods. Prebiotics are not microbes; they\u27re just chemical substances that help microorganisms grow. Prebiotics can be observed in various foods, such as unprocessed grains, soybeans, and human milk; however, one of the most common forms is organic oligosaccharide. Probiotics and prebiotics are involved in the treatment of a variety of immune system diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cancer, according to an increasing number of recent studies. Yet, little is known about the potential use of these supplements as essential dietary components in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease. The goal of this review is to discuss the function of probiotics, prebiotics, and gut microbiota in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Ethical Implications and Practical Applications of AI in Modern Healthcare
Get PDFAI is capable of solving many problems in the contemporary healthcare systems, and its application is likely to enhance the diagnostic process, choose individual treatment plans, enhance the level of patient satisfaction and enhance the organization of the delivery of healthcare. Techniques of machine learning and natural language processing based on AI have revealed their efficiency for diagnosing the illness, getting the positive results and client’s oriented recommendations concerning treatment of diseases. Nonetheless, the advancement and use of AI technologies in healthcare brings to the table several innuendos: privacy; security; data control and dissemination; responsibility and prejudice. Luckily however, addressing these challenges needs not only good and advisable policies and guidelines but also cooperation among policy makers, ethicists, technology and health care providers /researchers etc. The purpose of this review is to identify the most common ethical concern regarding the application of AI in health care and the results of practical efforts. It escalates how AI could vary from altering diagnosis approaches, enhancing therapies, controlling documents to raising stress on consumer’s details and securing that those leveraging artificial intelligence act morally and brightly. But the process of getting there into the era of benefit realization from this new technology will open more ideas and details into risks such as bias inference in AI models, patient’s consent and agency, and accessibility of AI technologies in developing countries and remote areas. In conclusion it will be necessary to be purposely reasonable, to be conscious and very communicative in order to introduce AI into better and convenient and humane healthcare
Design and Control of a Ball and Beam Balancing Mechanism Using MATLAB/Simulink
Get PDFThis report begins with an introduction to a ball and beam balancing mechanism. Basic electronic components and transmission mechanisms are also discussed which is then linked to mathematical calculations. An in-depth dynamic model of ball is presented which includes basic dynamic equations derived from newton’s laws of motions and lagrangian approach. However, lagrangian approach is used throughout to model system on a computer. Matlab/simulink was used to generate system output by employing a pid controller and a lead compensator. Root locus method was used to design a lead compensator. Lead compensator designed was also used with simulink model of the system to achieve desired system output. Output generated from each control strategy successfully satisfied the design criteria i.e. Percentage overshoot to be less than 5% and settling time to be less than 3 seconds