Academic Journal Research
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OPERATION OF CYBER SECURITY IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN NIGERIA: PROBLEMS AND WAY FORWARD
Full text linkObjective: This study examines the challenges affecting the operation of cybersecurity systems in Nigerian tertiary institutions and proposes strategic solutions to enhance cybersecurity resilience in higher education. Method: This position paper is based on a comprehensive review of secondary data sourced from print and online publications, focusing on existing cybersecurity policies, infrastructure, and institutional frameworks. Results: The findings reveal critical challenges, including poor funding, inadequate cybersecurity infrastructure, weak cybercrime laws, lack of standardized national control, increasing cyber threats, shortage of cybersecurity professionals, decentralized network operations, rapid technological advancements, low awareness and training, and insufficient collaboration between institutions and government agencies. Novelty: This study highlights the urgent need for a structured national cybersecurity policy tailored for higher education institutions, emphasizing a multi-stakeholder approach involving government agencies, institutions, and cybersecurity professionals. The study recommends special funding allocations, enhanced infrastructure, regulatory policy frameworks, employment of cybersecurity experts, continuous professional training, and strengthened institutional-government collaboration to mitigate cybersecurity risks. The paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on cybersecurity in the education sector by advocating for an integrated, policy-driven approach to safeguarding digital assets in Nigerian tertiary institutions
SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONS AND INCREASING THE FINANCIAL AUTHORITY
Full text linkObjective: Today, in order to achieve high economic growth, it is one of the most urgent issues to develop scientific-methodical approaches and recommendations for the management of the region's financial potential and the scientific-methodological justification of the mechanism of inter-budgetary relations and its improvement, in order to improve the effectiveness of regional management. Method: In this regard, this article analyzes the regions' financial potential, budget policy and economic growth rates. Results: Based on this, scientific views, suggestions and recommendations are developed. Novelty: The article offers a scientific-methodical framework aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of inter-budgetary relations and regional financial management, contributing new insights to regional economic policy studies
THE IMPACT OF THE ABOLITION OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT ON ETHICS AND DISCIPLINE AMONG STUDENTS AT THE NURUL IKHLAS MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Full text linkObjective: This study investigates the impact of eliminating corporal punishment on students’ ethical behavior and disciplinary patterns at Nurul Ikhlas Modern Islamic Boarding School (PPMNI). Method: Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through direct observation, interviews with school leaders and caregivers, and analysis of institutional documents. Results: The findings indicate that while the former use of corporal punishment contributed to a heightened sense of discipline, its abolition has led to a decline in students’ ethical behavior, despite an observable improvement in their external compliance with school rules. This suggests a shift from internalized values to superficial conformity. The study highlights that non-physical disciplinary strategies have not fully succeeded in fostering the same depth of moral development. Novelty: This research contributes to the discourse on school discipline by revealing the nuanced consequences of banning corporal punishment in religious educational settings and by emphasizing the need for structured ethical and spiritual reinforcement to sustain moral integrity in the absence of physical discipline
STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION THROUGH TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to explore the strategy for improving the quality of education through transformational leadership in Islamic educational institutions, addressing challenges such as limited principal training, insufficient teacher competence in technology-based teaching methods, and cultural barriers. Method: The research adopts a library research approach, utilizing scientific journal articles and relevant research reports as data sources. Results: The findings reveal that (1) transformational leadership enhances educational quality by inspiring and motivating teachers and students. Principals act as role models, provide a clear vision, and create an environment that fosters innovation in learning. (2) Strategies for developing educational quality include continuous teacher training, inclusive evaluation processes, and collaboration with parents and the community. Principals focus on professional development, creating a supportive educational ecosystem, and leveraging transformational leadership to achieve better educational outcomes. (3) Transformational leadership positively impacts teacher motivation and performance by offering personal and professional support, fostering a culture of appreciation and innovation, which ultimately enhances teaching quality and educational outcomes. Novelty: This study provides a comprehensive strategy for implementing transformational leadership tailored to Islamic educational institutions, addressing cultural and contextual challenges to improve educational quality
INTEGRATION OF SCOUTING VALUES IN THE PANCASILA STUDENT PROFILE STRENGTHENING PROJECT FOR STRENGTHENING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' CHARACTER
Full text linkObjective : This development research aims to determine the Integration of Scouting Values in the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project for Strengthening Elementary School Students' Character. Method : The research in this study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method of the Thiagarajan model. The Development Research was conducted by taking samples in this study were 30 students in class VA and VB each during the initial needs and 20 students in the product feasibility test. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews and observations. Results : From the validation results of 3 people, the guidebook received an assessment above 50%. Validator I with a validation result of 100%, which means that the product developed obtained a very valid value and can be used without revision. Validator II with a validation of 80% is very valid and can be used without revision. And validator III with a validation result of 97.5% is very valid and can be used without revision. The conclusion is that from the three validators, the guidebook for integrating scouting values into the Pancasila student profile strengthening project is suitable for use without revision. While the control class without using the guidebook for integrating scouting values into the Pancasila student profile project with an average of 0.7231, which means the high and ineffective category. From the results of the implementation of the integration activities of the scouting values into the Pancasila student profile project which were effectively implemented at SD Negeri 2 Lemahabang, the researcher disseminated this guidebook using the dissemination technique through the Lemahabang KKG Gugus which was attended by 1 representative from each school. Novelty : The researcher developed a guidebook for Integrating Scouting Values in the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project
WALKTHROUGH SUPERVISION AS A COLLABORATIVE SUPERVISION INNOVATION: A STUDY ON ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF LEARNING PRACTICES
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to analyse the implementation of walkthrough supervision as a collaborative supervision strategy in improving the quality of learning practices at junior and senior high school levels. Method: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with principals, teachers and supervisors, and analysis of supervision documents. The analysis process was conducted thematically to identify implementation patterns, challenges, and improvement strategies that emerged from the practice of walkthrough supervision in improving the quality of learning practices at the junior and senior high school levels at Yayasan Nurul Fikri Bina Generasi Bogor. Results: The results showed that walkthrough supervision in junior and senior high school of NFBS Bogor is implemented systematically through five stages by emphasising learning authenticity, continuous reflection, and teacher-supervisor collaboration. Obstacles such as time constraints, competency variations, supervisor inconsistency, and cultural factors are overcome through adaptive strategies, so that challenges actually strengthen collaboration. This supervision has an impact on improving teaching skills, classroom management, student engagement, as well as fostering a continuous reflective culture. This model has the potential to be adapted in other schools with adjustments to the vision, culture, teacher competencies and structural support. Novelty: The innovation of this research lies in the transformation of walkthrough supervision into a collective reflective culture, the collaborative role of teachers-supervisors, and adaptive strategies to face obstacles. This model not only improves teacher competence and classroom culture, but also has the potential to be replicated with adjustments to the school context
A STUDY OF IRAQI SECONDARY STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD PEER FEEDBACK
Full text linkObjective: This study aimed to explore the attitudes of Iraqi high school students toward peer feedback in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Method: Using a quantitative research design, this study surveyed 59 male high school students in Najaf City, Iraq, to understand their perceptions of peer feedback. Results: The results indicate that students generally have positive attitudes toward peer feedback, finding it beneficial for improving their writing skills and motivating them to learn. However, students also expressed concerns about their ability to provide accurate feedback due to a lack of confidence in their grammatical knowledge. These findings suggest that while peer feedback is a useful tool in EFL classrooms, students may require additional training and support to fully benefit from it. Novelty: The study contributes to the broader discourse on feedback in education by highlighting the importance of cultural and contextual factors in implementing peer feedback practices
OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING INTERNАTIONАL METHODS OF СOST САLСULАTION OF RIСE PRODUСTION FOR STRАTEGIС MАNАGEMENT PURPOSES
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to explore the feasibility of adopting international methods for calculating the cost of rice production to enhance strategic production management. Method: A qualitative comparative analysis was conducted to examine the differences between traditional domestic costing approaches and internationally recognized standards. The research involved a review of global best practices and frameworks for agricultural cost management, focusing on their adaptability to local conditions. Results: The findings highlight significant discrepancies between existing national methods and international costing practices, particularly in the areas of overhead allocation and cost transparency. By aligning local practices with international standards, rice producers can achieve more accurate cost assessments and make better-informed strategic decisions. Novelty: The study offers an original framework for the transformation of domestic cost calculation systems into globally compatible models, supported by scientific proposals and practical recommendations. This integration contributes to improved cost efficiency, international comparability, and competitiveness in the global agricultural market
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ CHARACTER OF HONESTY AND HARD WORK AT SDN 7 CAKRANEGARA
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in developing students' character, particularly honesty and hard work, through a character and discipline guidance program at SDN 7 Cakranegara. Method: This research uses an ex post facto method with a descriptive qualitative approach involving interviews, observations, and documentation. Results: The findings show that teachers play a significant role through exemplary behavior, routine moral habituation, motivational strategies, and participatory learning methods. Although the program positively shapes students' honesty and work ethic, challenges remain, especially students’ diverse backgrounds and low learning motivation. Novelty: Strengthening instructional strategies, parental involvement, and continuous character-building activities proved essential in internalizing honesty and hard work among students
THE POLITICIZATION OF THE JUDICIARY DURING ZIA-UL-HAQ’S ERA: A PATH TO LEGITIMACY
Full text linkObjective: This study investigates the role of the judiciary during General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq’s military regime (1977–1988), focusing on how judicial institutions were instrumentalised to legitimise authoritarian rule, suppress political opposition, and implement an Islamisation agenda. Method: Employing a qualitative historical-analytical approach, the research critically analyses primary legal documents, constitutional amendments, and landmark court judgments from the Zia era, complemented by secondary scholarly sources. Results: The findings reveal a strategic transformation of Pakistan's judiciary from an independent body into an apparatus serving executive interests. Courts were co-opted through structural changes and doctrinal shifts, such as the validation of martial law under the doctrine of necessity and the endorsement of Islamisation policies, which aligned judicial functions with the regime’s ideological objectives. Novelty: This study contributes original insight into the systematic erosion of judicial autonomy under military rule in Pakistan, highlighting the judiciary’s complicity in legitimising undemocratic governance. By tracing this transformation, the research offers a foundational context for understanding contemporary challenges to judicial independence and civil-military relations in Pakistan’s constitutional development