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Effect of Planting Dates and ZnO Nanoparticles Spraying on the Some Growth Indicators, Aromatic Oil and Its Content of Active Compounds of Pimpinella anisum L. Plant
Full text linkA field experiment was conducted during a winter season of 2023 in the botanical garden of the College of Basic Education - Al-Mustansiriya University to knowing the effect of planting dates and ZnO nanoparticles spraying on the some growth indicators, aromatic oil and its content of active compounds of anise plant. A split-plots arrangement according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The main plots contained two planting dates (1/11 and 15/11), whereas the sub plots contained spraying of two concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles (5 and 10 mg L-1) in addition to spraying of distilled water only (0 mg nano-Zn L-1). The results revealed that second planting date (15/11) was significantly superiority in the plant content of nitrogen (15.65 mg N g-1), plant content of phosphorous (9.72 mg P g-1), plant height (73.33 cm), main branches number (20.56 branch plant-1) and fruits number (20.33 fruit inflorescence-1). Otherwise the first date (1/11) was significantly superiority in the 1000-fruits weight (3.89 g) and aromatic oil percentage (5.26%). As well, the spraying of ZnO nanoparticles at a concentration of 10 mg L-1 was significantly superiority in plant height (73.17 cm) and 1000-fruits weight (4.21 g) and aromatic oil percentage (5.66%), while the spraying of ZnO nanoparticles at a concentration of 5 mg L-1 was significantly superiority and gave a highest average of the plant content of nitrogen (14.98 mg N g-1), plant content of phosphorous (9.66 mg P g-1), main branches number (19.67 branch plant-1), fruits number (19.33 fruit inflorescence-1). Further, the results of HPLC analysis showed that the percentages of active compounds of anise aromatic oil were varied by the effect of planting date and spraying of ZnO nanoparticles
Biochemical Composition Analysis of Hot Pepper Varietal Samples in Greenhouse Conditions
Full text linkThis study investigates the biochemical composition of 35 varietal samples of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in greenhouse conditions to address the knowledge gap in understanding the nutrient profile and spiciness of these cultivars. Utilizing a combination of greenhouse and laboratory experiments, the research adheres to established methodologies for vegetable crop studies and employs statistical analysis via Microsoft Excel. Findings reveal significant variations in dry substance, ascorbic acid, mono- and disaccharides, and nitrate content among the samples. Key results indicate that specific cultivars exhibit higher nutrient levels and spiciness compared to the control variety, Margilon 330. The implications of this research suggest the potential for breeding hot pepper varieties with enhanced nutritional quality and suitability for greenhouse cultivation, contributing to improved agricultural practices and consumer health benefits
Vegetative Development of Soybean Varieties in the Planting Methods and Tillage between Rows
Full text linkWhen "Nafis" and "Selekta-201" varieties of soybeans are cultivated in 60x8x2 and 60x8x2 schemes with a row spacing of 16-18 cm and a depth of 18-20 cm, the best stem height of soybeans is 112.2 - 114.5 cm in "Nafis" variety, "Selekta-201" 115.0 - 116.0 cm in the 201" variety, 110.0 - 112.5 cm in the "Nafis" variety and 112.0 - 114.0 cm in the "Selekta-201" variety in the 70x8x2 scheme, 58.0 in the 60x8x2 scheme according to the number of pods on the stalk from 50.1 to 55.5 pcs in the "Selekta-201" variety, from 50.1 to 56.0 pcs in the "Nafis" variety in the 70x8x2 scheme, and from 50.1 to 55.0 pcs in the "Selekta 201" variety was determined
Mathematical Model of a Vineyard Cultivator
Full text linkThe article presents information to describe the movement of a vineyard cultivator, the basics of the concept of graph theory are used, in which various interaction forces arise in articulated joints, a fixed rectangular system is chosen as an inertial coordinate system, as a multi-mass system. A general model of the vineyard cultivator functioning will use the most general principle of dynamics - the Dalembert principle
Lepidoptera of Kampirtepa and Tangidara Branch of Surkhan State Reserve
Full text linkThe article provides information about lepidopterax living in the Kampirtepa and Tangidara areas of the Surkhan State Reserve. Special nets were used to collect butterflies. A collection was prepared from the collected materials. Specifiers are used to determine species composition. Among the representatives of the order Lepidoptera, many species belonging to the family Nymphalidae have been identified
Species Composition and Distribution of the Main Pests in the Agrobiocenosis of Vegetable Soybean Crops
Full text linkThe article presents the results of monitoring on soybean plants, where 31 species of entomophages belonging to 2 classes, 7 genera and 31 species were identified. Of these entomophages, 9 species were found to be more common, 8 species were in average abundance, and the remaining species were in smaller abundance
Assessing the Resilience of Iraq’s Climate Change Adaptation
Full text linkThis study investigates the resilience of Iraq's water sector to climate change, given the vulnerability of water resources to shifting weather patterns. Analyzing data from the National Center for Water Management, we examine annual and monthly variations in water supplies from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Results indicate significant fluctuations in annual income, ranging from 30 to 93 billion cubic meters, suggesting pronounced year-to-year variability. Moreover, disparities in river flow between the Tigris and Euphrates are observed, with implications for regional water availability. Temperature and precipitation trends in key cities—Mosul, Baghdad, Rutba, and Basra—are analyzed, revealing rising temperatures and declining precipitation across all regions. Notably, Mosul and Rutba experience lower temperatures but higher total precipitation compared to Baghdad and Basra. Despite these differences, overall precipitation is decreasing. With Iraq's population projected to grow by 1% annually, understanding the resilience of its water sector to climate change is critical for addressing future challenges in agriculture and food security. This study underscores the urgent need for adaptive strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on water resources in Iraq
Psychology of Social Relations and Communication (Ijtimoiy Munosabatlar Va Muloqot Psixologiyasi)
Full text linkThe process of communication through interpersonal relationships in social life in Ushba is provided to the human psychology of communication in connection with the connections between them
The Importance of Project-Based Learning in Teaching English
Full text linkThis article deals with the problem of teaching English in Higher education. It studies the importance of project-based learning in teaching process and the ways of using this type of learning in teaching English
Psychology Of Social Relations and Communication
Full text linkThe process of communication through interpersonal relationships in social life in Ushba is provided to the human psychology of communication in connection with the connections between them