SRN Intellectual Journals
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Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights in the Era of Digital Governance: Exploring Promises and Challenges
Full text linkArtificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming political, economic, and social systems, raising profound implications for human rights. While AI offers opportunities to enhance equality, access to justice, and public service delivery, it simultaneously poses risks, including mass surveillance, algorithmic bias, privacy violations, and gaps in accountability. Despite growing attention to these issues, existing research has largely focused on either the technological capabilities of AI or its ethical challenges, leaving a gap in comprehensive analyses that integrate AI’s impact on human rights within governance frameworks. This study aims to examine the dual effects of AI on fundamental rights, exploring both its potential to promote social equity and its capacity to exacerbate vulnerabilities. Using a qualitative methodology, the research draws on case studies, policy analyses, and reviews of ethical and legal frameworks to evaluate AI’s influence on healthcare, education, governance, and access to justice. The study also critically assesses regulatory and governance mechanisms designed to mitigate AI-related risks. The findings highlight that while AI can improve service delivery, empower marginalized communities, and foster more inclusive governance, unregulated deployment can deepen inequality, legitimize discrimination, and erode civil liberties. Ethical gaps, transparency deficits, and weak accountability structures continue to be key challenges. The study concludes that realizing AI’s potential to advance human rights requires robust governance frameworks, international cooperation, ethical design principles, and ongoing monitoring. Policymakers, engineers, and human rights advocates must collaborate to ensure that AI serves as a tool for social progress rather than a source of harm, striking a balance between innovation and the protection of dignity, equity, and justice
The Role of Organizational Change and Culture in Shaping Lecturer and Employee Performance
Full text linkPerformance reflects the outcomes of an individual’s work in terms of quality and quantity. Improving organizational effectiveness often requires change, which must be supported by a strong organizational culture. Organizational change involves transitioning from the current state to a desired future state to enhance performance, whereas organizational culture comprises the shared values and assumptions that members develop to address internal and external challenges. This study investigates the influence of organizational change and culture on employee performance at the Lamongan and Blitar campuses of PGRI Adi Buana University. Questionnaires were distributed to all 42 lecturers and staff members to assess these relationships. A quantitative approach based on the positivist paradigm was employed to investigate the impact of organizational change and culture, both individually and in combination, on performance. The findings indicate that organizational change has a negative relationship with performance, suggesting that change may cause disruption or resistance among employees. In contrast, organizational culture shows a significant positive influence on performance, highlighting the importance of shared values and norms in shaping employee behavior and outcomes. Overall, while organizational culture supports performance, the impact of organizational change requires careful management to avoid adverse effects
The Mediating Role of Human Capital on the Effect of Social Assistance and Zakah on Poverty Reduction in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study analyzes the effect of social assistance programs and Zakah on poverty reduction, with human capital as a mediating variable. The study is motivated by the critical need for poverty alleviation strategies that move beyond direct aid to those that enhance individual capacity through human capital development. Primary data were collected in 2024 from 152 purposively selected poor households in Aceh Province who receive both Social Assistance and Zakah. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was employed to test the causal relationships between the variables. The findings indicate that while social assistance has no direct significant impact on poverty reduction, it exerts a positive indirect effect by strengthening human capital. Conversely, Zakah was found to have a direct effect on reducing poverty. Human capital itself demonstrates a strong, negative, and statistically significant relationship with poverty. However, the specific indirect mediating effect of human capital in the relationship between the aid programs and poverty was not significant. These results suggest that social interventions explicitly designed to enhance human capital may be more effective for sustainable poverty alleviation. The study implies that policymakers should reformulate social and economic policies to create more targeted programs that build human capital, thereby fostering a more sustainable impact on poverty reduction
The Evolution of Pottery Designs for Food Preservation in Rural Ugandan Communities
Full text linkThis study investigated the historical and contemporary evolution of pottery designs used for food storage and preservation in rural communities of Uganda. It used a multidisciplinary approach blending ethnographic research, material culture analysis, and laboratory testing. Examining two Ugandan districts, the study noted how traditional pottery designs, characterized by their iconic thickened walls, small openings, and water-absorbent clay bodies, have evolved across generations as tools for food storage, demonstrating outstanding thermal and humidity regulation, in contrast to some of the latest options. The comparative analysis revealed that native pottery designs can sustain internal temperatures 4-6°C below the average normal levels, which significantly improves the shelf-life longevity of easily spoiled food. The study highlights crucial problems associated with this traditional information structure, as well as the unsettling effects of colonialism, generational skill erosion, and the widespread replacement of clay with plastic and metal containers. Despite these difficulties, the study identified innovative modifications among potters, which included hybrid pottery designs that combine traditional ingredients while still preserving the utilitarian aspects of customary pottery. These innovations demonstrate the persistence of traditional knowledge structures and the capacity they hold in contributing to sustainable food security solutions in areas with limited resources. The findings emphasize the critical requirement for effecting traditionally considered involvements that record and conserve these customs, yet at the same time encourage adjustment to prevailing situations. The study recommends instituting programs that include the establishment of documentation initiatives within the community, the creation of markets for pottery, and the incorporation of native design attributes into modern ecological technologies. This study contributes to broader deliberations in material culture studies, food anthropology, and sustainable development by demonstrating how traditional knowledge systems can inform solutions to contemporary challenges
Determinants of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSMEs) Performance: Evidence from Aceh Province, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study analyzes the effect of business capital, product quality, and human resource (HR) competence on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. MSMEs play a strategic role in regional economic development but face persistent challenges, including limited capital, suboptimal product quality, and varying levels of HR competence. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a survey method where questionnaires were distributed to 357 culinary sector MSMEs across 23 districts/cities in Aceh. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS-20. The results indicate that business capital and product quality have a significant positive effect on MSME performance, while HR competence was found to have an insignificant effect. However, collectively, all three variables significantly affect MSME performance. These findings underscore the critical importance of facilitating access to capital and driving improvements in product quality to enhance MSME performance. Meanwhile, the negligible influence of HR competence suggests a need for further investigation into other factors, such as work experience or the quality of technical training. This study provides practical implications for MSME actors and policymakers, recommending a focused strategy on strengthening financial access and product innovation, alongside developing more targeted HR development programs to improve the competitiveness of MSMEs in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Entrepreneurial Competencies and Business Sustainability: A Systematic Review of the Mediating Role of Innovation
Full text linkResearch on entrepreneurial competencies and business sustainability has grown rapidly, yet existing insights remain scattered and lack an integrated perspective. This study addresses that gap by conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to examine how entrepreneurial competencies influence business sustainability through the mediating role of innovation. Using a transparent, replicable protocol, 171 Scopus-indexed publications were screened, resulting in 15 eligible studies published between 2022 and 2025. A thematic synthesis approach was applied to compare and integrate recurring concepts across the selected literature. The review reveals that entrepreneurial competencies, particularly opportunity recognition, creativity, strategic decision-making, and resilience, primarily influence sustainability outcomes through innovation pathways. Innovation acts as a key mechanism that converts these competencies into sustainable practices, such as product and process improvements or environmentally oriented initiatives. The synthesis also highlights theoretical linkages grounded in dynamic capabilities, the resource-based view, and competence-based perspectives. The findings demonstrate that competencies alone are insufficient unless supported by innovation processes that operationalize them into tangible sustainability performance. The review provides theoretical clarification of the nexus between competency innovation and sustainability, and offers practical guidance for entrepreneurs, educators, and policymakers seeking to strengthen sustainability through competency development and innovation capability building
Can a Banana End Poverty? The Promise of Gender-Inclusive Farming in Sumatra Island, Indonesia
Full text link Poverty continues to burden many regions of Indonesia, with Sumatra recording some of the nation’s highest poverty rates, particularly in Aceh and Bengkulu. These disparities underscore the pressing need for targeted and innovative poverty alleviation strategies. Agriculture remains central to Sumatra’s economic resilience, and among its diverse commodities, the Cavendish banana emerges as a strategic product with significant potential to drive inclusive growth. Its strong global market demand and downstream processing opportunities can stimulate household incomes, expand micro-enterprises, and strengthen regional value chains. However, realizing this potential requires a development model that goes beyond conventional agricultural improvements. This editorial argues that a transformative and sustainable banana-based economy must integrate two essential pillars: gender equity and local wisdom. Women play a substantial yet often unrecognized role in agricultural production across Sumatra. Ensuring their equitable participation in all stages of the Cavendish banana value chain enhances productivity, improves income distribution, and fosters community resilience. At the same time, traditional ecological knowledge and cultural practices such as communal cooperation, land stewardship, and customary governance provide a strong social foundation for environmentally responsible and community-accepted development. By merging these dimensions into a gender-inclusive, culturally grounded business model, Cavendish banana development can transcend its role as a mere commodity and become a catalyst for poverty reduction and social transformation. This editorial highlights how such an approach can strengthen rural livelihoods, support women-led enterprises, and promote sustainable economic progress in Aceh and Bengkulu. It invites policymakers, practitioners, and scholars to engage with this model as a pathway toward a more just, inclusive, and resilient Sumatra Island, Indonesia
Leveraging Digital Marketing: How Tulungagung Bamboo Crafts Gain a Competitive Edge
Full text linkSmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), including the bamboo craft sector in Tulungagung, Indonesia, are vital to the national economy yet face significant challenges in leveraging digitalization for growth. The central issue is understanding how digital tools translate into tangible business performance. This study addresses a critical research gap by investigating the underexplored mediating role of competitive advantage in the relationship between digital marketing and marketing performance within a traditional craft industry. The research objective was to empirically test these relationships. Using a quantitative method, data were collected via a survey from 62 bamboo craft businesses (selected via purposive sampling from a population of 105) and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart-PLS. The results reveal that digital marketing has a significant direct positive effect on both competitive advantage and marketing performance. However, competitive advantage itself does not directly improve marketing performance, nor does it act as a significant mediator between digital marketing and performance. This conclusion indicates that while digital marketing is a powerful driver, competitive advantage alone is insufficient to enhance performance in this context, suggesting the influence of other complex factors. The policy implication is that support programs for artisans must move beyond basic digital adoption and focus on holistic strategies that integrate marketing skills with other operational improvements to ensure sustainable growth in an increasingly digitized market
Empowerment Strategies to Enhance SMEs’ Compliance with IFAS-MSMEs: A Systematic Review
Full text linkSmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia continue to face persistent challenges in complying with the Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (IFAS-MSMEs). Limited managerial capacity, insufficient financial knowledge, and evolving regulatory expectations contribute to inconsistent and unreliable financial reporting practices. Strengthening SMEs’ capabilities is therefore essential to support accurate and compliant reporting. This study synthesizes existing evidence on empowerment models designed to enhance SMEs’ compliance, identifies key approaches, and examines their contributions to improving reporting outcomes. Using a qualitative Systematic Literature Review guided by the PRISMA protocol, peer-reviewed studies were retrieved from the Scopus database and screened based on thematic relevance, publication period, language, and accessibility, yielding 37 articles for detailed analysis. A thematic synthesis was conducted to examine the types of interventions, reported compliance outcomes, and contextual factors that influence their effectiveness. The findings reveal five prominent empowerment strategies that support SMEs’ compliance: capacity-building programs, adoption of digital financial tools, advisory and mentoring services, leadership and organizational readiness, and supportive regulatory environments. Collectively, these approaches enhance SMEs’ ability to meet reporting requirements, with integrated, multi-level interventions demonstrating stronger impacts than isolated efforts. The review underscores that improving compliance with IFAS-MSMEs requires coordinated action across managerial, organizational, and policy dimensions. The insights generated offer practical guidance for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in developing targeted, sustainable, and contextually appropriate support mechanisms. Future research is encouraged to explore the long-term impacts of interventions, digital transformation pathways, and sector-specific customization to further optimize compliance outcomes
Investigating the Strategic Cooperation for a Greener Tomorrow in Saudi Aramco’s Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Pathway to Sustainable Energy
Full text linkPetroleum has long served as the cornerstone of global industrialization and the backbone of Saudi Arabia’s economy. However, the rising global demand for energy, coupled with increasing environmental concerns, underscores the urgent need to diversify energy sources towards more sustainable alternatives. In this context, this study examines the role of Saudi Aramco’s international collaborations in advancing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) initiatives as part of the transition toward a low-carbon energy future. Employing a qualitative exploratory methodology, the research draws upon secondary data from academic journals, books, industry reports, and official publications to assess the strategic partnerships and technological advancements underpinning these efforts. The findings highlight that Saudi Aramco, in alliance with global energy leaders such as Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), PTT Public Company Limited (PTT PCL), and China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC), has made significant strides in leveraging its natural gas resources for LNG development. These collaborations have facilitated the deployment of low-emission technologies and the integration of green innovations—most notably Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), as well as the incorporation of renewable energy into LNG production systems. By aligning with international partners, Saudi Aramco is not only broadening its participation in the global energy market but also reinforcing its commitment to environmental sustainability. The study concludes by recommending increased investment in clean energy technologies and deeper international cooperation to ensure the long-term viability and ecological integrity of LNG projects