Avanti Publishers
Not a member yet
711 research outputs found
Sort by
Ecodesign: Green Solutions for Design of Steel Building Envelopes
Full text linkIn recent years, the impact that man has on the environment has become increasingly evident, and the planet itself is starting to re-bel against this great and uncontrolled exploitation of its resources. The need to seek change by approaching a totally sustainable lifestyle is now obvious. Sustainability has in fact become a major player in today's society, infiltrating every area of it, including construction. In the construction field, man's impact is unfortunately inevitable, but it can be mitigated by developing new sustainable technologies, and it is precisely with these that we have had the opportunity to approach a new vision of architecture, arriving at what is called Ecodesign, a way of designing that respects the environment and the resources offered by Nature. The research was conducted on a new building, under construction, within the university campus of Fisciano, Salerno, designed mainly with a steel construction system
Pectin-based Bioink and Bioprinting Parameter Optimization and Industrialization
Full text linkBioprinting for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offers a promising solution to the growing demand for organ transplants. A pectin-based bioink was engineered to offer cost-effectiveness and operational simplicity. This project focuses on the commercialization and industrial production of this bioink. The bioink formulation and bioprinting parameters for extrusion-based bioprinting were optimized, as extrusion-based bioprinters are most commonly used in bioprinting. The optimization process focused on structural integrity, resolution, and cell viability. Additionally, an industrial-scale production process was designed using SuperPro Designer. The bioink formulation with optimized bioprinting parameters shows great potential for extrusion-based bioprinting with scalable manufacturing capabilities
Radiolytic Degradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics: A Brief Overview of Recent Advances
Full text linkSulfonamide antibiotics are widely used in both human and veterinary medicine. Although their use in human therapy has declined, they continue to pose a significant environmental threat due to their persistence in pharmaceutical formulations and subsequent release into the aquatic environment. The concentrations of these compounds in the influents and effluents of urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) vary widely, depending on consumption patterns and the treatment technologies employed. Numerous studies have shown that conventional wastewater treatment methods are often insufficient for the complete removal of sulfonamides.
This underscores the urgent need for more effective and reliable treatment technologies capable of removing both sulfonamide antibiotics and their transformation products. Among advanced oxidation processes, electron beam (EB) irradiation has shown particular promise.
This review presents recent advances in analytical methods for detecting residues of selected sulfonamide antibiotics and explores the application of ionizing radiation—particularly gamma and EB irradiation—for their degradation in water and wastewater. The study also discusses observed changes in toxicity following treatment, offering a comprehensive perspective on the effectiveness and limitations radiation-based approaches in environmental remediation
Convergence of θ-Milstein Method for Stochastic Differential Equations Driven by G-Brownian Motion
Full text linkAlthough numerical methods for classical stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by Brownian motion are well-established, research on numerical schemes for SDEs driven by G-Brownian motion (referred to as G-SDEs) remains limited. Most existing studies are confined to Euler-Maruyama-type methods, which achieve only a strong convergence order of one-half. To bridge this gap, this paper aims to develop higher-order numerical methods for G-SDEs. By combining the classical Milstein method with the G-Itô formula, we propose a novel θ-Milstein scheme for G-SDEs. Using tools from G-expectation theory and Taylor expansions, we prove that the proposed scheme achieves a strong convergence order of one under the Lr-norm, assuming Lipschitz conditions. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the θ-Milstein method yields smaller errors and attains a higher convergence order compared to the Euler-Maruyama method, confirming its effectiveness and potential for advancing numerical solutions of G-SDEs
Drilling of the First Horizontal Well in Western Turkmenistan
Full text linkCurrently, the study of early horizontal drilling operations in Western Turkmenistan is of renewed interest, as it represents one of the first technological milestones in the region’s petroleum engineering history. The development and analysis of horizontal well drilling techniques in the early 1990s provided valuable insights into the practical implementation of new directional drilling technologies under complex geological and pressure conditions.
This study presents a detailed technical and historical analysis of the first horizontal wells drilled in the Koturdepe field between 1990 and 1992. The paper examines the well design, drilling assemblies, drilling fluids, and directional control systems used, and evaluates their technical performance and economic impact. Unlike a purely historical report, this work emphasizes the scientific and engineering lessons learned from these early operations and discusses their relevance to modern drilling practices in Turkmenistan. The research also includes an economic comparison between horizontal and vertical wells, demonstrating how the initial cost premium of horizontal drilling was offset by significantly higher productivity.
The results are of practical importance for optimizing drilling technologies in fields with abnormally high reservoir pressures and for applying these lessons to modern digital drilling systems
Eco-friendly Zeolite Synthesis for Phenol Adsorption: Kinetic and Isotherm Studies
Full text linkThe presence of phenolic compounds in aquatic systems has become a significant environmental concern due to their toxicity and persistence. This study evaluates the effectiveness of synthetic zeolites as adsorbents for removing phenol from contaminated aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was synthesized from natural clay using ZnCl₂ as an activating agent through a straightforward three-step process: (i) calcination at 90°C, (ii) aging for 24 hours, and (iii) crystallization for 8 hours. The synthesized material was then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine its mineralogical composition and the crystalline structure of the zeolite. The efficiency of phenol removal was assessed as a function of adsorbent dosage (0.1 g.L⁻¹ to 0.3 g.L⁻¹), contact time (20 to 60 minutes), and initial phenol concentration (500 mg.L⁻¹ to 5000 mg.L⁻¹). The adsorption kinetics were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, while equilibrium data were fitted to the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The results confirmed the successful synthesis of FAU-X zeolite from smectitic-kaolinitic clay. The zeolite-based adsorbent demonstrated high efficiency in phenol removal, exhibiting a sorption capacity of 125 mg.g⁻¹ after 60 minutes. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating a monolayer adsorption pattern. The retention of pollutants was primarily governed by chemical interactions, including hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction between phenol molecules and the adsorbent surface. This study highlights the potential of synthesizing cost-effective zeolite-based adsorbents for wastewater treatment, contributing to the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly remediation technologies
Double Parametric Based Solution of Fuzzy Volterra Integral Equations with Separable Type Kernels
Full text linkThis paper presents a new approach for solving fuzzy Volterra integral equations with separable type kernels. Here triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are considered for the analysis. In general, the existing approaches first defuzzify the fuzzy integral equation into a crisp system of integral equations or two different crisp integral equations using the concept of fuzzy arithmetic. Then they solved them to obtain the lower and upper bounds of the fuzzy solution. However, using the proposed technique one has to solve only one crisp integral equation which is obtained by using the concept of double parametric form of fuzzy numbers. This makes the proposed approach more computationally efficient. Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method (LADM) has been implemented here to obtain the solution in double parametric form. The usefulness, and practicality of this method are demonstrated through various examples
Thermal Comfort Assessment of Temporary Shelters Used in Türkiye by CFD Analysis
Full text linkThis research assessed the thermal comfort conditions of temporary shelters in Türkiye using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index. A typical container-type shelter was selected as the model for the analysis. Simulations were conducted on July 21 at four different times: 10:00, 12:00, 14:00, and 16:00. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software Ansys Fluent was utilized to perform the simulations. Eight shelters positioned in various parts of a standard shelter layout were analyzed. Two ventilation scenarios were considered: one with only the doors open, and another with both doors and windows open. While PMV quantifies the average thermal sensation on a scale from -3 (cold) to +3 (hot), in Scenario 1, the general scale of PMV is hot or exceeds the hot scale; besides, the number of situations classified as warm and slightly warm in Scenario 2 increases. In Scenario 1, PMV values were generally high and surpassed the thermal comfort threshold (+3-hot), especially during the morning and midday hours, while natural ventilation improved significantly, leading to lower PMV values, which are about +2(warm), and enhanced thermal comfort in Scenario 2. As a result, it is recommended to consider site-specific orientation, prioritizing layouts that maximize exposure to prevailing wind directions, particularly for living and sleeping areas, while also minimizing the exposure of heavily occupied zones to intense solar radiation
The Role of Social Networks in Community Development among Smallholder Farmers in Western Kenya
Full text linkDeveloping rural communities remains a critical challenge in developing countries, where smallholder agriculture is the main source of rural livelihood, particularly in strengthening food security. However, reliance on agriculture alone has often failed to provide the requisite economic resources to fortify rural economies. This study introduces a novel perspective by exploring alternative social network factors beyond agriculture that contribute to community development in Western Kenya. Utilizing a mixed-methods sequential design, a survey questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 245 rural households engaged in both on- and off-farm activities, followed by four purposively selected focus group discussions (FGDs) comprising 28 participants. A binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze quantitative data, identifying age (p = .07), education (p = .10), and off-farm income (p = .08) as significant predictors of community development. The qualitative phase employed thematic analysis of FGDs to capture subjective farmer perspectives on alternative development sources. Findings reveal that engagement in off-farm activities, often overlooked in rural development discourse, plays a pivotal role in fostering community growth. This dual-method approach provides comprehensive insights into the socio-demographic drivers of development, emphasizing the interplay between quantitative metrics and qualitative narratives. The study provides an integrative analysis of the role of social networks and off-farm activities as catalysts innovates by offering new pathways for policy interventions that sustainable community growth in rural agricultural communities
BIM Integrated Framework for Efficient Information Exchange in Green Building Design: A Critical Review
Full text linkAdequate implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in green building practices, known as green BIM, enables the multidiscipline team to efficiently exchange information to meet the overarching criteria of green building assessment tools (GBATs) like Malaysian Carbon Reduction and Environmental Sustainability Tools (MyCREST). However, issues of inaccurate information exchange during the green BIM process persist, resulting in a flawed decision-making process. Besides, compared to the environmental indicators, the socioeconomic aspect of sustainability has not been adequately considered in GBATs like MyCREST. Furthermore, the enhancement of information exchange in green BIM practice has been underexplored in the literature. This study critically reviews 200 articles published between 2008 and 2024 to identify the critical components for information exchange in the green BIM process. Then, a comparative analysis was conducted on five widely used GBATs to augment MyCREST Design. Afterward, established BIM standards and guides were scrutinized to identify the best practices of digital information exchange. As a result, the MyCREST-BIM Integrated Framework (MyBIF) was developed, encompassing core components like Augmented MyCREST Design, Technology Enablers, and Institutional Support. The developed MyBIF provides researchers and practitioners with valuable insights into real-time collaboration and efficient exchange of information in green building design