International Journal of Innovation in Management, Economics and Social Sciences
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The Impact of Authentic Leadership on Employees' Innovative Behavior with the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital
Get PDFPurpose: This study examines the effect of authentic leadership on employees' innovative behavior, reviewing the mediating role of psychological capital. While the relationship between leadership and innovation is well established, the purpose of this research is to clarify the specific psychological system through which authentic leadership enhances innovative performance.
Methodology: A descriptive-correlational method was used to collect data from 210 employees working in a pharmaceutical company in Tehran. The research employed PLS-SEM and CFA to examine the relationships between authentic leadership, psychological capital, and innovation, utilizing well-established questionnaires.
Findings: The results indicate that authentic leadership has a positive influence on innovation. Psychological capital—comprising hope, confidence, optimism, and resilience—was also found to be a strong link in this relationship. Genuine leaders appear to cultivate psychological strength within their teams, which helps drive innovation.
Originality/Value: This study offers a new perspective by demonstrating how inner psychological resources facilitate the connection between leadership and innovation. It offers valuable insights for managers seeking to cultivate innovative and inclusive cultures by investing in their people and fostering genuine leadership
Investigate the effect of board compensation on R&D expenditure
No full textPurpose: An opportunistic managerial approach may lead to the deliberate delay in disclosing bad news, particularly when firm performance is weak. Such behavior is often rationalized within the framework of the firm’s control and ownership structure. This study aims to investigate the impact of environmental uncertainty and family ownership on the relationship between board compensation and R&D expenditure.
Methodology: Data on firms listed on the TSE from 2011 to 2021 were collected, and a regression approach was used.
Findings: The results indicate that board compensation affects research and development expenditure. Also, the second hypothesis shows that family ownership has a positive and significant effect on the joint engagement of board compensation and research and development expenditure. Finally, environmental uncertainty significantly affects the relationship between board compensation and research and development expenditure.
Originality/value: The research findings indicate that both family ownership and environmental uncertainty influence the firm’s investment approach toward research and development (R&D) expenditures. Specifically, family ownership helps constrain managerial opportunism, thereby enhancing firm performance. Conversely, environmental uncertainty—due to earnings fluctuations—tends to reduce R&D spending, as firms seek to mitigate risk under volatile conditions
Explaining the pattern of key factors affecting the internationalization of SMEs under conditions of uncertainty
No full textPurpose: The internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) plays a vital role in the economic development of the country. Therefore, it is essential to identify the key factors affecting the successful presence of these companies in international markets and, consequently, the development of foreign trade and increased exports. Paying attention to this issue can be the solution to many of the country's trade and economic challenges. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive model of the key factors influencing the internationalization of companies in the small and medium-sized industries sector, particularly in conditions of environmental uncertainty.
Methodology: The research method is applied and exploratory. The statistical population of the study includes experts and managers interested in the issue of corporate internationalization in small and medium-sized industries. In the qualitative part, a purposive non-random sampling method was employed, while in the quantitative part, a random sampling method was used to select the statistical sample for the study. The data collection tools are interviews and questionnaires. Thematic analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data.
Findings: Based on content analysis, 11 key factors influencing the internationalization of companies were extracted. The findings from confirmatory factor analysis show that the most important key factors are: Networking and developing strategic alliances, Developing flexible strategies for entering international markets, Developing a technology and innovation ecosystem for the internationalization, Developing the recruitment and retention system and relationships between stakeholders in the internationalization of companies, Optimizing and improving the quality of products, services, and processes to create a sustainable competitive advantage.
Originality/value: Using a mixed approach technique, this research identifies the factors affecting the internationalization of SMEs under conditions of uncertainty and by considering the dynamic and behavioral complexities associated with various stakeholders and actors in the phenomenon of corporate internationalization, which has not been considered by researchers from this perspective, and its results can be used in planning and policymaking for the development of exports and international trade for stakeholders
The Role of Social Media Platforms in Sports Startups: Branding, Engagement, and Business Growth
Get PDFPurpose: With the expansion of ICT and the growing role of social media, sports startups have found unique opportunities to use these platforms as tools for digital transformation and business growth. This study examines the role of social media platforms (SMPs) in strengthening and developing sports startups. The primary objective of the research was to examine the impact of SMPs on key aspects of sports startups, including brand management, audience engagement, and business productivity.
Methodology: The study employed deep exploratory analysis and semi-structured interviews with 64 university students in physical education. Thematic content analysis was used to identify key themes related to digital transformation, audience engagement, and brand management. Data validity was ensured through expert reviews and inter-coder reliability assessments.
Findings: The findings revealed that SMPs are effective tools for digital transformation, helping startups grow and sustain themselves through effective brand management and targeted interactions. Additionally, digital marketing strategies, quality content creation, and advanced communication were identified as vital factors for success.
Originality/value: The results suggest that promoting a sports culture and an active lifestyle through SMPs can attract a larger audience to these startups. Despite limitations such as sample size and geographic focus, the findings provide practical insights for managers and entrepreneurs of sports startups. This study emphasizes the importance of digital strategies and sustainable innovation for achieving long-term success in the competitive sports startup ecosystem
Interplay of Demographics and Healthcare Dynamics: An Analysis of Factors Influencing Service Access and Delivery
Get PDFPurpose: This study investigates the interplay of demographics and healthcare dynamics on service access and delivery at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH) in Gaborone, Botswana. Access to quality healthcare services is vital for population health and well-being, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the PMH professionals, focusing on perceptions of the pharmacy inventory management system. Participants were categorized by gender, professional role, and years of service. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to identify significant differences in perceptions.
Findings: Among the 41 participants, 46.3% agreed that the current system for managing pharmacy inventory affects the supply of medicines, while 53.7% disagreed. Females (63.2%) were more likely than males (36.8%) to perceive the system as problematic. Pharmacy technicians, healthcare assistants, and less experienced staff showed higher concern about the system's impact on supply. In contrast, more experienced staff and pharmacists were less concerned, suggesting adaptation or acceptance over time. The study highlights significant demographic variations in perceptions of the current system managing pharmacy inventory at Princess Marina Hospital. To address supply challenges, targeted interventions are needed, including improved supply chain management, enhanced collaboration between healthcare facilities and regulatory bodies, optimized inventory systems, and rationalized medicine use.
Originality/Value: The study emphasizes the need for efficient supply chains and continuous workforce training to ensure the availability and accessibility of essential medicines at the PMH
Assessing the Reliability of Artificial Intelligence Systems: Challenges, Metrics, and Future Directions
Get PDFPurpose: As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become integral to diverse applications, ensuring their reliability is of paramount importance. This paper explores the multifaceted landscape of AI reliability, encompassing challenges, evaluation metrics, and prospective advancements.
Methodology: This paper employs a comprehensive literature review approach to assess the existing body of knowledge on the reliability of AI systems. The review aims to synthesize insights into the challenges faced in evaluating AI reliability, the metrics used for assessment, and the potential future directions in this critical research domain.
Findings: In this paper, challenges in AI reliability assessment, including explainability, data quality, and susceptibility to adversarial attacks, are scrutinized. Metrics for evaluating AI reliability, such as robustness, accuracy, precision, and explainability, are also elucidated. In addition, case studies illustrate instances where AI reliability has been successfully assessed or has fallen short, offering valuable insights.
Originality/value: This paper sheds light on the complexities surrounding the assessment of artificial intelligence (AI) reliability and contributes to the ongoing discourse on AI reliability by providing a comprehensive examination of its challenges, metrics, and future trajectories
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE OF NURSES IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF TERTIARY HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN BENUE STATE
Get PDFPurpose: This study investigates the effect of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on the performance of nurses in the public health sector in Benue State, Nigeria, with a particular focus on nurses in the tertiary healthcare facilities in Benue State. The specific objectives of this study were to examine, evaluate, ascertain, determine, and establish the effect of altruism, civic virtue, conscientiousness, courtesy, and sportsmanship on the task and contextual performance of nurses in tertiary healthcare facilities in Benue State, Nigeria.
Methodology: This study adopts and uses a descriptive research design using a survey method. The study population comprised 587 nurses from Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi (BSUTH) and Federal Medical Centre Makurdi (FMC). The study used Taro Yamene’s formula to determine a sample size of 238 nurses. 238 questionnaires were issued out to nurses, of which 221 were usable and returned for analysis. Data were statistically analyzed after being collected from the field using Multiple Regression Analysis as the main statistical tool with the aid of SPSS to explain the relationship between variables under study.
Findings: The findings from this study indicated that there was actually an established effect of all the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior on the task and contextual performance of nurses working in tertiary healthcare facilities in Benue State, Nigeria.
Originality/Value: The study revealed that all the OCB constructs examined significantly positively affect the task and contextual performance of nurses working in tertiary healthcare facilities in Benue State, Nigeria. Part of the recommendations made is that the management of tertiary healthcare facilities in Benue State should do everything possible to create a working environment that will motivate nurses to engage in citizenship behaviors since it has been scholarly proven that citizenship behaviors positively affect task and contextual performance of nurses working in tertiary healthcare facilities
Job Entanglement in the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Iraq: Keys to Success and Challenges
Get PDFPurpose: In today's world, job stress has become one of the main challenges for organizations. This concept includes a mix of psychological, social, and organizational factors that keep individuals engaged in their work. In dynamic organizations like the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Iraq, understanding and managing these factors can help improve performance and increase employee job satisfaction. Therefore, this research aims to create a job engagement model for the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Iraq employees. The goal is to enhance the Ministry's efficiency and performance by identifying the key factors involved.
Methodology: The research used a qualitative approach with grounded theory and the Glaser method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 experts and employees from the Ministry and were analyzed in three stages: open coding, selective coding, and theoretical coding.
Findings: The results show that individual, job, and organizational factors influence employee engagement. Among the individual factors, mental health, problem-solving style, and job understanding were identified as key elements that increase job satisfaction and motivation. Job factors such as workload and burnout were also recognized as notable challenges that can affect employee performance. Additionally, organizational culture, employee support, and involvement in decision-making were identified as factors that help improve job engagement.
Originality/value: This model provides a detailed framework for understanding the factors that affect employee satisfaction and retention. It also highlights the importance of external collaborations and building social networks to enhance the Ministry's overall efficiency and performance
Developing a Culturally-Aligned Digital Transformation Framework for Iranian Organizations: "GreenTech Digital Transformation (GDT) Framework"
Get PDFPurpose: In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, driven by technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, organizations and businesses must promptly embark on their digital transformation journey to ensure survival and growth. For developing countries like Iran, digital transformation presents an opportunity to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of businesses within their economic ecosystem, particularly amid economic challenges. This article aims to examine digital transformation models and develop a framework that fits Iran's cultural and economic conditions.
Methodology: This article addresses digital transformation challenges by drawing from global models, experiences, and the Grounded Theory while also considering organizational experiences and the unique cultural, social, technological, and economic context of Iran.
Findings: The recent approval of the Iran vision document for artificial intelligence development marks a significant milestone, paving the way for further progress in the digital age. However, findings show organizations and businesses face barriers to digitalization, including organizational culture, technological infrastructure, and a shortage of expert and innovative human capital with digital skills. Therefore, sharing creative human capital with digital skills in the form of innovation centers can solve this challenge in Iranian organizations.
Originality/value: This article emphasizes the importance of cultural context for successful digital transformation. A lack of expert human capital in digital technology is a global challenge, especially in Iran. We propose a holistic framework for successful digital transformation, aiming to establish digital innovation hubs within organizations. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively facilitates the establishment of digital innovation hubs in organizations' digital transformation journey
Ranking Suppliers in FMCG Industries Using Fuzzy WASPAS: A Case Study in Arak Metropolis
Get PDFPurpose: Decision-making refers to the process of selecting an alternative from among available alternatives, including analyzing relevant information, considering potential outcomes, and evaluating the effects of each alternative. Decisions can be made in various life situations, including personal, professional, financial, and organizational issues. One of the most important organizational decisions is selecting the [most] appropriate supplier, which is a multi-criteria decision. Such decisions are usually complex and unstructured in nature. Management science today can greatly help deal with such problems. This paper aims to apply the fuzzy WASPAS technique to select the best chicken meat supplier in a city in Markazi Province to ensure maximum compliance with the specified criteria. These criteria were obtained through interviews with store managers. They employed the abovementioned criteria to evaluate and select chicken meat suppliers and related products.
Methodology: The opinions of chicken meat store managers (n=24 in total) were collected using tools such as questionnaires. The linguistic variables obtained from the questionnaires were transformed by the Fuzzy Likert Scale (FLS). The latest version of MATLAB software was used to analyze the data.
Findings: According to the results, after applying the FWASPAS method, out of six suppliers, three were selected as the best considering the identified criteria. Herein, all analyses were conducted in Excel. The results also demonstrated that Supplier #6 (i.e., Dorsa Morgh Co.) performed best in 2023.
Originality/value: This research identifies the best chicken meat supplier company using the fuzzy WASPAS technique