Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences (RAMSS) (E-Journal)
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Deindustrialization and Poverty in Developing Countries: Examining Economic Shifts and Policy Responses (1990-2022)
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This research analyzes the decoupling of poverty from deindustrialization in 44 underdeveloped nations between the years of 1990 and 2018. Using a fixed-effects approach, it examines how the changing structure of the economy from industry to services-age effect poverty levels. It is shown that the process of deindustrialization contributes significantly further to the deepening of poverty in developing economies. To be precise, a 1 percent change in the share of services in relation to the share of manufacturing means an increase of 0.417 percent in the measures of poverty. Remarkably, even after controlling for other factors, this effect remains significant. De-industrialization is a major barrier to economic growth, reduces job standards, and eradicates conventional manufacturing, all of which contribute to poverty, according to an examination of the underlying mechanisms. The report also highlights the issue of early deindustrialization as a contributing cause to poverty. Low agricultural output and workforce exodus are the primary drivers of early deindustrialization. Thus, the report offers policy recommendations for these countries aimed at combating the negative effects of shrinking industrial sectors. For this case it has been proposed that improving agricultural production and managing labor migration could help prevent a further deepening of poverty as a result of deindustrialization. This study stresses that emerging economies are required to design appropriate economic policies to address the specific challenges posed by deindustrialization
Examining the Role of AI in Detecting Fraudulent Activities, Managing Financial Risks, and Enhancing Decision-making in Investment Strategies
Full text linkThis study investigates the applicability of AI in improving financial risks, regulatory compliance, and anomalies in financial operations within the banks in the Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. It examine to what extent the newly developed technologies using AI, mainly machine learning algorithms and predictive analytics, can be of help to risk managers, compliance officers, and internal auditors to do their job properly. A quantitative methodology was adopted and relied on a sample of 160 professionals from around Punjab and Sindh, risk managers and compliance officers, and internal auditors from financial institutions. Statistical techniques in the form of regression analysis, correlation analysis, and ANOVA were applied to relate AI adoption and enhancements in risk management and sound compliance practices. The results indicate a very positive correlation in the implementation of AI tools for enhanced abilities on decisions, fraud detection, and overall risk management. The significance of AI on the reporting of compliance regulatory compliance was also statistically determined. Here, compliance officers said that they noticed an improvement both in accuracy and timeliness to fulfill their needs of regulatory compliance. The study further illustrates that the AI turned out quite handy for the internal auditors in detecting a few inconsistencies within the financial data and so, they performed quite more efficiently. Findings seem to depict a possible improvement of operational efficiencies within the financial institutions in Pakistan through the efficiency risk-free with the advent of AI. This study complements the understanding of AI in the finance industry and presents insights that are actionable for financial institutions prepared to adopt AI technologies
Satire and Social Critique in the works of Georgia Orwell and Aldous Huxley
Full text linkThis paper provides a comparative discussion of how George Orwell and Aldous Huxley deploy satire to critique the social world, with the idea that Orwell dissects coercive power grounded on fear and Huxley exposes seductive power based on pleasure; in terms of methodology, we did qualitative thematic examination of Animal Farm (1945), Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), Politics and the English Language (1946) Brave New World (1932), and Brave New World Revisited (1958),uses a hybrid (deductive-inductive) codebook and Braun and Clarke six stages, and relies on analyst triangulation and an audit trail and reflexive memos. The findings identified five cross-cutting themes: language and truth manipulation (Newspeak/doublethink vs. hypnopaedic, therapeutic slogans) mechanisms of control (surveillance, scarcity and pain vs. conditioning, pharmacology and consumer bliss), memory, history and time (archival erasure and absurdity of history vs. amnesic distractions), individuality and agency (resistance staged and disparated Winston/Julia, John the Savage, Benjamin/Boxer) and the social stratification and biopolitics of These themes combine to demonstrate that both authors position politics at the point of encounter between language and desire, exercise a complementary hard and soft politics that newer institutions tend to mix and match; the model is transferable when applied to reading contemporary worlds of surveillance, nudging, censorship and entertainment that collectively create consent
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Biases: Understanding Human Judgment in Climate Change Communication
Full text linkThe current research examines cognitive biases and climate communication based on artificial intelligence (AI), as well as their linkage to public climate change message comprehension or engagement. Such cognitive biases as optimism, anchoring, and confirmation bias may cause people to misperceive climate messages, tending to undermine risks and lack motivation to change their pro-environmental behaviors. These relationships were studied using a quantitative research design. The sample size of participants was 280 people who are actively seeking climate information over the Internet using digital sources, such as social networks, news websites, and AI-based software. Stratified random sampling strategy was employed so as to cover a wide range of demographic unevenness, in terms of age, sex, education level and career. Structured questionnaires would be used to obtain measurable data that would be analyzed by use of statistical techniques in order to determine association, predictive effects and group differences. The results show that AI technologies can enhance knowledge and inspire pro-environmental attitude, yet their performance can be affected by overcoming cognitive bias and scrupulousness in message delivery. Perception can be interfered with by demographic factors which mean that communication strategies have to be tailored depending on demographic factors. The paper highlights how psychology and AI design can collectively inform climate communication strategies to be evidence-based, persuasive, and inclusive, and offers recommendations to policymakers, educators, and communicators so they can increase awareness, drive informed decision-making, and promote pro-environmental behavior
The Role of Personalized AI-Based Learning Tools in Reducing Cognitive Overload and Enhancing Academic Motivation
Full text linkThis study observed into the impact of AI-based personalized learning systems on the management of cognitive overload and motivation in learning among university students. The focus of the study is on the AI use and student's motivational levels during the learning process as well as information retention. The study employed a quantitative methodology which was based on a sample of250 university students from the Punjab region of Pakistan and structured questionnaires. Participants from the sample were selected using simple random sampling, and the information was analyzed using version 26 of the SPSS software package. The relationships among the variables were tested using regression, correlation, descriptive, and ANOVA statistics. The results have established an opposite and significant relation between the use AI-based learning tools and the extent of cognitive overload; which suggests that the personalized AI help had lowered mental strain amongst students. Furthermore, the regression showed that AI tools have strong positive impacts on academic motivation, while cognitive overload was associated with lower motivation. These results clearly demonstrate that AI-based, and personalized learning tools can help foster a positive, productive and stimulating learning atmosphere. This research further recognizes the use of AI in the post-secondary learning environment with the aim of learning optimization, stress alleviation, and motivation enhancement. Clearly, the incorporation of personalized AI tools in education is beneficial for improving academic performance and student engagement
Mixed Signals: Exploring the Consistent and Unexpected effects of Job Related Factors and Intrinsic Job Satisfaction on CRM Capabilities in Telecommunication Firms
Full text linkCustomer relationship management (CRM) plays a central role in creating and sustaining customer relations and for telecommunication companies, it is considered a critical success factor. As telecommunication firms operate in dynamic environments around the globe, so scholarly contributions are needed to guide telecommunication companies in their policy making. Past research is available on CRM capabilities but there have been significant research gaps. This study aimed to fill those gaps and investigated the impact of job-related factors namely person-job fit, professional fit, role conflict and role ambiguity on CRM capabilities with intrinsic job satisfaction as a mediator. This was cross-sectional study and collected data (using questionnaires) from employees working in mobile telecommunication companies in Pakistan. Based on 145 responses, this study concludes that intrinsic job satisfaction significantly mediates between role ambiguity, role conflict, professional fit, and CRM capabilities. This research confirms established patterns for two job related factors, yet uncovers unexpected dynamics in the other two, offering fresh perspectives and prompting deeper inquiry. The professional fit significantly and positively affects intrinsic job satisfaction and CRM capabilities, while person-job fit does not. Role ambiguity and role conflict are related to intrinsic job satisfaction in different ways as they impact it differently. This research draws its hypotheses and contributes to theories including Herzberg two factor theory, role theory and self-determination theory. This research guides telecommunication companies in their policy making regarding how to build CRM capabilities through recognizing the differential role of job related factors and using them for the purpose
Ethical Leadership as a Catalyst for Organizational Resilience in times of Crisis: A Mixed-Methods Approach (American Context)
Full text linkGeorgia USA organisations achieve success in crisis response by implementing ethical leadership principles. The success of modern organisations depends on ethical leadership because direct ethical decision-making links closely with organisational outcomes. , USA. The study concentrates on three fundamental aspects: ethical decision-making, transparency, and stakeholder engagement. Through ethical decision-making, leaders can predict all possible outcomes of their decisions to build an accountable organisation based on integrity. Organisations receive greater decision-making clarity through stakeholder involvement because employees, customers, suppliers, and residents contribute to building collective goals that increase resilience capabilities. The research implements quantitative and qualitative approaches to produce a complete view of ethical leadership roles during crisis management. The research foundation bases its work on total literature reviews that explore ethical leadership and resilience domains. Research on crisis-related organisational success delivers practical applications that clarify the theoretical ideas present throughout this dissertation. New fresh papers have uncovered requisite characteristics of the connection between leadership ethics and organisational resilience. As research shows, crisis management is secondary to ethical leadership because it is a peripheral approach to achieving unsustainable outcomes
Corporate Structure of Governance and Capital Structure Influence on Dividend Policy Evidence from Pakistani Listed Non-Financial Firms
Full text linkIn recent times, there has been significant discussion in the field of finance regarding corporate governance, capital structure, and dividend policy in recent time regarding finance. This study looks at how capital structure and corporate governance affect dividend policy. Growth, profitability, and business size are also control variables in this study. Manufacturing firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange between 2011 and 2024 served as the research's samples for 115 non-financial companies. Panel least square was used as the data analysis method. According to the analysis's findings, corporate governance and profitability significantly boost dividend payments. This means that profitable and well-run businesses will favour ways to boost shareholder value, which will boost investor confidence in the business and, ultimately, raise demand for their stock and share prices and dividends. The dividend distribution, however, is significantly impacted negatively by business size, suggesting that large corporations prioritize initiatives with high rates of return and devote cash to them instead of distributing dividends to shareholders
Board Structure, Board Assiduity and CEO Pay-Performance Sensitivity: Evidence from Pakistan
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This paper investigates the relationships between board structure, board assiduity, and CEO pay-performance sensitivity (PPS) in Pakistani listed companies. It aims to understand how different board characteristics influence CEO compensation practices, both directly and indirectly through board engagement. Using 634 firm-year observations from firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) 100 Index between 2013 and 2022, the study employs path analysis to examine the direct effects of board structure (executive directors, non-executive directors, CEO duality, and female directors) on CEO PPS, and the indirect effects mediated by board assiduity. Findings reveal that non-executive directors positively influence CEO PPS, while executive directors indirectly enhance PPS through increased board assiduity. Surprisingly, female directors negatively affect both board assiduity and CEO PPS. CEO duality has no significant effect. Board assiduity emerges as a significant mediator, particularly in the effects of executive and female directors. Robustness of the mediation and causal relationships is confirmed through bootstrapping, Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS), and the Sobel test. The research contributes to the corporate governance literature by providing an examination of board assiduity as a mediating mechanism in the effect of board structure on CEO PPS. New insights in the intricate interaction of board composition and CEO compensation are offered for an emerging market. It challenges some conventional wisdom about board diversity from the results and draws attention to the fact that both direct and indirect effects need to be considered in governance research
Mobile Wallets and Digital Payments: Assessing the Impact on Financial Inclusion and Consumer Trust in Pakistan
Full text linkThis quantitative study examined the relationships between mobile wallet usage, consumer trust, perceived security, user challenges, and financial inclusion among employees in Pakistan (N = 350). The demographic profile revealed that 60% of respondents were male and 40% female, with the majority aged between 26 and 35 years (41.4%). Using SPSS for analysis, the findings demonstrated a strong positive correlation between mobile wallet usage and financial inclusion (r = 0.684, p < 0.001), indicating that higher digital payment engagement enhances access to financial services. Regression results confirmed that mobile wallet usage significantly predicted financial inclusion (? = 0.712, t = 17.48, p < 0.001), explaining 46.8% of the variance (R² = 0.468), with the model being statistically significant (F = 305.46, p < 0.001). Similarly, consumer trust (r = 0.642, R² = 0.412, ? = 0.695, p < 0.001) and perceived security (r = 0.611, R² = 0.373, ? = 0.658, p < 0.001) were found to be strong predictors of mobile wallet adoption, highlighting that trust and security perceptions are central to user behavior. Conversely, user challenges demonstrated a moderate negative relationship with adoption (r = –0.487, R² = 0.237, ? = –0.514, p < 0.001), suggesting that technical barriers and limited digital literacy hinder usage. Overall, the findings validate that mobile wallets and digital payment systems substantially improve financial inclusion when supported by consumer trust and perceived security, while infrastructural and user challenges remain key obstacles to broader adoption across Pakistan