Financial - Jurnal Akuntansi
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Transfer Pricing, Income Smoothing, Audit Committee, and Tax Avoidance: Examining the Moderating Effect of Fincancial Constraint
Get PDFThis study examines the influence of transfer pricing aggressiveness, income smoothing, and audit committee on tax avoidance, with financial constraints serving as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2018–2023. Using a quantitative approach, the research utilizes secondary data derived from companies’ annual financial statements. A total of 61 companies were selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 366 firm-year observations. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4 to evaluate both direct and moderating relationships among variables. The empirical results show that transfer pricing aggressiveness has a positive yet insignificant effect on tax avoidance, suggesting that regulatory enforcement, such as mandatory transfer pricing documentation, may reduce the opportunity to exploit related-party transactions for tax benefits. Income smoothing and audit committee also show negative and insignificant effects, indicating that neither practice plays a dominant role in influencing tax avoidance behavior. In contrast, financial constraints exhibit a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance, implying that financially constrained firms tend to adopt more conservative tax strategies due to limited resources and higher risk considerations. However, financial constraints fail to moderate the relationships between each independent variable and tax avoidance. These findings provide insights for regulators, policymakers, and practitioners on understanding the determinants of tax avoidance and highlight the importance of financial conditions in shaping corporate tax behavio
THE IMPACT OF EQUITY FINANCING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AT PT. GARUDA FOOD PUTRA PUTRI JAYA TBK
Get PDFEquity financing is a strategic alternative to strengthen the company's capital structure without increasing the debt burden. At PT Garudafood Putra Putri Jaya Tbk, an evaluation was carried out of financial performance during the 2020-2024 period using the Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) ratios. The analysis was carried out quantitatively descriptively based on annual financial statement data. Results show a significant increase in ROE from 8.26% to 17.15% and ROA from 3.68% to 8.15%, reflecting efficiency in equity and asset management. NPM also improved from 3.18% to 5.62%, indicating an increase in profit margins. However, in 2024, despite the growth in equity and net profit, the profitability ratios did not show a proportional increase, and even tended to stagnate. This indicates that additional equity does not automatically have a positive impact without effective fund management. The effectiveness of equity financing is strongly influenced by capital allocation strategies, cost efficiency, and consistent asset management. As such, the success of equity financing depends on the integration of funding and making the right operational decisions to support long-term growth and financial stability.
Keywords: Accounts Receivable Turnover, Profitability, ROA, ROE, PT Gudang Garam Tbk
ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE TURNOVER ON PROFITABILITY AT PT GUDANG GARAM TBK
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the extent to which accounts receivable turnover affects the profitability of PT Gudang Garam Tbk during the period 2020 to 2024. Theoretically, optimal accounts receivable management is believed to improve liquidity and increase company profits. However, the findings of this study indicate that an increase in the accounts receivable turnover ratio does not always lead to an increase in profitability, as measured by the Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) indicators. Although efficiency in accounts receivable collection improved each year, ROA and ROE showed a declining trend, particularly in 2024. This suggests a significant influence from external factors, such as a decline in net sales, increased interest expenses, and the impact of government regulations and rising excise taxes that burdened financial performance. This study uses a quantitative approach based on secondary data from the company's annual financial reports. The analysis results show a positive but insignificant relationship between accounts receivable turnover and profitability. Therefore, it is recommended that the company not only focus on accounts receivable management but also improve overall operational efficiency and develop business strategies responsive to market dynamics to maintain long-term financial stability and growth.
Keywords: Accounts Receivable Turnover, Profitability, ROA, ROE, PT Gudang Garam Tbk
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON THE FIRM VALUE OF MINING COMPANIES WITH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A MODERATING VARIABEL
Get PDFThis research aims to empirically prove the influence of financial performance on company value projected by ROA, whether CSR is able to moderate the relationship between financial performance and company value. The data collection for this research comes from publications published on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) Data.The population of this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021. The sample in this research is manufacturing companies according to the specified criteria. The data analysis techniques used in this research are SPSS simple linear regression and moderated regression to determine the dependent variable which is influenced by the independent variable and hypothesis testing using t-statistics to test partial regression coefficients. The results of this study show that financial performance has a positive and significant effect on company value. The high and low ratio of net profit to total assets has implications for the high and low value of the company, meaning the high and low The ratio of net profit to total assets has implications for total assets and has implications for the level of company value. Likewise, CSR is able to moderate financial performance on company value, meaning that CSR disclosure can strengthen the relationship between financial performance which has implications for increasing company value
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL RATIOS ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF HEALTH COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE FOR THE PERIOD 2021-2023
Get PDFThis research aims to explore the influence of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on the practice of earnings management among healthcare companies publicly traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2021 to 2023. Profitability is represented by Return on Assets (ROA), liquidity is indicated by the Current Ratio (CR), and leverage is measured using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). To assess earnings management, the study adopts the Modified Jones Model. A quantitative approach is utilized, relying on secondary data derived from the financial reports published by the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Utilizing purposive sampling, the study selects 48 financial reports from healthcare companies that satisfy the established criteria, drawn from a total population of 84 reports. Multiple regression analysis is performed via SPSS version 30 to process the data. Results indicate that neither profitability nor liquidity significantly impacts earnings management, while leverage demonstrates a positive and statistically significant influence on earnings management practices in the healthcare secto
The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity and Solvability on Firm Value with Firm Size as Moderating Variable in Plantation Sector Company on The Indonesia Stock Exchange for The Period 2020 - 2024
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the influence of profitability, liquidity, and solvency on firm value with firm size as a moderating variable in plantation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2020–2024. Using a quantitative approach, this research employs the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method to analyze the relationships among variables. The sample consists of 18 plantation companies selected using purposive sampling based on the availability and completeness of financial statements. The results reveal that profitability and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on firm value, while solvency does not significantly affect firm value. Additionally, firm size is found to moderate the relationship between profitability and firm value but does not moderate the effects of liquidity and solvency. These findings highlight the importance of profitability and liquidity management in enhancing firm value, particularly in the plantation sector. The study contributes to the understanding of financial determinants affecting firm value and provides practical insights for investors and corporate decision-makers.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan solvabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi pada sektor perkebunan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2020–2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode SEM-PLS untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel serta peran moderasi ukuran perusahaan. Sampel terdiri dari 18 perusahaan perkebunan dengan menggunakan data laporan keuangan tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan likuiditas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, sementara solvabilitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Selain itu, ukuran perusahaan terbukti memoderasi pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan, namun tidak memoderasi hubungan likuiditas dan solvabilitas dengan nilai perusahaan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pengelolaan profitabilitas dan likuiditas untuk meningkatkan nilai perusahaan, serta menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan dapat memperkuat dampak profitabilitas dalam meningkatkan persepsi investor. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi investor dan perusahaan dalam pengambilan keputusan strategis
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KORUPSI PAJAK DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DENGAN KEPERCAYAAN OTORITAS PAJAK SEBAGAI VARIABLE MEDIASI
No full textThe research explores the effect of perceived tax corruption and the standard of tax services on taxpayer compliance, considering trust in tax authorities as a mediator. Indonesia continues to face challenges in achieving optimal tax compliance, despite its efforts to improve revenue collection. Negative public perceptions of tax corruption and inadequate service quality are identified as major barriers. Adopting a quantitative methodology, this study surveyed 48 individuals from the Kediri Young Entrepreneur (KYE) community. Questionnaires were used for data collection, which was then analyzed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0. The findings show that tax corruption perception has a significant negative effect on taxpayer compliance, while tax service quality has a significant positive effect. Additionally, trust in tax authorities functions as an significant mediator connecting the independent variables to taxpayer compliance. This indicates that even in the presence of tax corruption perceptions, strong citizens’ trust in the taxation institution can enhance voluntary compliance. This paper extends the literature by integrating these three variables into a single empirical model, emphasizing the importance of a trust-based approach in tax administration. The practical implication suggests that government tax agencies should focus on service improvement and anti-corruption efforts to rebuild public trust and boost compliance behavior. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers seeking to increase sustainable tax compliance through improved service delivery and enhanced institutional integrity.Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh persepsi korupsi pajak dan standar kualitas layanan pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, dengan mempertimbangkan kepercayaan terhadap otoritas pajak sebagai variabel mediasi. Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan dalam mencapai tingkat kepatuhan pajak yang optimal, meskipun berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan penerimaan negara. Persepsi negatif masyarakat terhadap korupsi pajak serta buruknya kualitas pelayanan diidentifikasi sebagai hambatan utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 48 responden yang tergabung dalam komunitas Kediri Young Entrepreneur (KYE). Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi korupsi pajak berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, sedangkan kualitas pelayanan pajak memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Selain itu, kepercayaan terhadap otoritas pajak berperan sebagai mediator yang signifikan dalam menghubungkan kedua variabel independen tersebut dengan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun terdapat persepsi terhadap korupsi pajak, tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat yang tinggi terhadap institusi perpajakan tetap mampu mendorong kepatuhan sukarela. Penelitian ini memperluas literatur dengan mengintegrasikan ketiga variabel ke dalam satu model empiris, serta menekankan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis kepercayaan dalam administrasi perpajakan. Implikasi praktis dari temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga perpajakan pemerintah perlu memfokuskan upaya pada peningkatan layanan dan pemberantasan korupsi guna membangun kembali kepercayaan publik dan meningkatkan perilaku kepatuhan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi pembuat kebijakan yang ingin meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak yang berkelanjutan melalui perbaikan layanan publik dan penguatan integritas institusional
English
No full textThis research explores the impact of leverage, regional wealth, audit opinion, and regional expenditure on the accessibility of Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) among regency and municipal governments across Sumatra. Employing a quantitative method with an associative-causal framework, the study involves 150 local governments selected through purposive sampling from a total of 154, resulting in 750 observations over the 2019–2023 period. The data were obtained from audited financial statements published by the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK) and official regional government websites. The panel data were analyzed using a fixed effect model (FEM) with the aid of EViews 12 software. The results reveal that leverage, regional wealth, and regional expenditure each have a statistically significant influence on IFR accessibility. However, the audit opinion does not show a significant effect. Collectively, the four independent variables demonstrate a simultaneous and substantial effect on the level of IFR accessibility among local governments in the observed regions and period.Studi ini mengkaji sejauh mana pengaruh leverage, kekayaan daerah, opini audit, dan belanja daerah terhadap tingkat keteraksesan Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) di pemerintah kabupaten dan kota wilayah Sumatera. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain asosiatif-kausal. Sebanyak 150 entitas pemerintah daerah dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling dari populasi berjumlah 154, menghasilkan total 750 observasi selama periode 2019–2023. Data yang digunakan berasal dari laporan keuangan yang telah diaudit oleh Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) serta situs resmi milik masing-masing pemerintah daerah. Teknik analisis yang diterapkan adalah regresi data panel dengan pendekatan fixed effect model (FEM), diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak EViews 12. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, variabel leverage, kekayaan daerah, dan belanja daerah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keteraksesan IFR. Sementara itu, opini audit tidak memiliki dampak yang signifikan. Namun, secara bersamaan, keempat variabel tersebut terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat transparansi pelaporan keuangan berbasis daring pemerintah daerah
The Role of Profitability in Mediating the Effect of Capital Structure and Liquidity on Firm Value of Transportation and Logistics Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2020 until 2024
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the influence of product, price, and promotion on consumer purchase decisions. In an increasingly competitive market, companies must be able to offer products with superior value supported by appropriate pricing strategies and effective promotional efforts to influence consumer decisions. This research employs a quantitative approach, using a structured questionnaire distributed to consumers as respondents. Data analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression to determine the extent to which each independent variable affects purchase decisions.The results reveal that the product variable has a positive and significant impact on purchase decisions, indicating that product quality, features, and suitability with consumer needs strongly shape consumers’ choices. The price variable also significantly influences purchase decisions, suggesting that reasonable pricing aligned with product benefits and consumer purchasing power is a critical factor. Additionally, promotion shows a significant effect on purchase decisions, as clear, attractive, and well-targeted promotional activities can increase consumer interest. These findings highlight the importance of managing product quality, pricing, and promotional strategies simultaneously to improve consumer purchase decisions and strengthen market competitiveness.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh produk, harga, dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Dalam era persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, perusahaan dituntut untuk mampu menawarkan produk yang memiliki nilai tambah sekaligus didukung oleh strategi promosi dan penetapan harga yang tepat agar dapat memengaruhi keputusan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada sejumlah konsumen yang menjadi responden penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh masing-masing variabel bebas terhadap keputusan pembelian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel produk memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, yang berarti kualitas, fitur, dan kesesuaian produk dengan kebutuhan konsumen berkontribusi besar dalam proses pemilihan. Variabel harga juga terbukti berpengaruh signifikan, menandakan bahwa kesesuaian harga dengan manfaat produk dan daya beli konsumen merupakan faktor penting. Selain itu, promosi memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, di mana informasi yang jelas, menarik, dan tepat sasaran dapat meningkatkan minat beli konsumen. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa perusahaan perlu memperhatikan ketiga aspek ini secara simultan untuk meningkatkan keputusan pembelian dan daya saing di pasar
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MSMES IN NORTH SUMATERA WITH FINANCIAL LITERACY AS A MEDIATION
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the effect of financial inclusion on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), with financial literacy acting as a mediating variable. MSMEs play a vital role in economic growth; however, many business owners face challenges related to limited access to financial services and inadequate financial knowledge. This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected from MSME owners through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, demonstrating that access to banking services, credit facilities, and digital financial platforms supports business growth and operational efficiency. Financial inclusion also significantly influences financial literacy, suggesting that greater exposure to financial services enhances business owners’ financial knowledge and skills. Furthermore, financial literacy has a significant positive effect on MSME performance and is proven to mediate the relationship between financial inclusion and performance. These findings imply that financial inclusion alone is insufficient without adequate financial literacy to ensure effective utilization of financial resources. Therefore, improving financial education alongside expanding access to financial services is essential to strengthen MSME sustainability and competitiveness. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and financial institutions in developing strategies to enhance MSME performance through inclusive and educational financial systems