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Frontline Voices And Unequal Air: How Providence, Rhode Island Communities Are Fighting For Cleaner and Equitable Skies
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What\u27s for Dinner: A Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Analysis of Carcinus maenas in Maine Salt Marshes
No full textCarcinus maenas, AKA the European Green Crab, is a highly invasive species that has established populations in many non-native sites, altering trophic systems and ecological well-being. In recent years, C. maenas populations have drastically increased throughout the Gulf of Maine, and have been particularly harmful to Maine’s estuarine and intertidal ecosystems (Miller et. al., 2014). In this study, we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of green crab tissue to examine their dietary patterns, with the hope of parameterizing how they are feeding in and depleting the resources of Maine’s coastal ecosystems. Specimens for this study were collected from three different coastal salt marshes: Webhannet, Broad Cove, and Day Cove, with the expectation that there would be some degree of variety in C. maenas consumption between the sites. The results of this study indicated that C. maenas are highly omnivorous feeders in all of these sites, and are predominately consuming bivalve mollusks, in addition to some marine gastropods, algae, detritus, salt marsh plants, and small fish. Larger crabs are able to feed at higher trophic levels, but a large range of C. maenas size class at all 3 sites indicates that the populations are well established. This study displays that the presence of C. maenas is highly impactful to the trophic systems of Maine’s salt marshes, and that their increased presence could pose significant threats to marsh ecosystems
The New Language: Contractual Interpretation in the Age of Emojis
No full textSince their creation in 1999, emojis have evolved from just playful visual expressions to communicative tools that are increasingly appearing in legal disputes. This paper explores emojis as mediums of legal meaning. It examines how U.S. contract law approaches emojis as evidence of assent, threat, conspiracy, and intent, and how established contractual doctrines have adapted to emojis as tools of expressive communication. Though ambiguous, this paper aims to demonstrate that emojis can be interpreted within existing contractual frameworks.
This paper is structured as follows: it situates emojis as a continuation of contract law\u27s historical engagement with nonverbal assent. It will then further examine the concept of “objective theory” in contract law through the cases of Leonard v. PepsiCo, Inc., Embry v. Hargadine, McKittrick Dry Goods Go., and Bed Bath & Beyond Corporation Securities Litigation, before further examining South West Terminal v. Achter Land & Cattle as a central example of how courts apply this theory. It will also draw a comparative analysis of how Israeli courts approach emojis in contract law. Next, it broadens the lens to other legal contexts, showcasing how U.S. courts tackle emojis in criminal and employment law. The following section focuses on considering risks and concerns of emojis being manifestations of contractual agreement, highlighting cultural and technological variability, over-interpretation, concerns of freedom of expression, and more. Finally, it looks ahead, proposing the possibility of a “reasonable emoji user” standard as a way of ensuring judicial consistency and a just legal system. Ultimately, this paper maintains that while emojis are by no means conceptually new, they are technologically novel, fitting squarely within existing doctrine of contract law, yet pose an interpretive challenge for courts
Spirituality Activism and Identity as a Site of Transformation Based on Gloria Anzaldùa’s Vision of Resistance
No full textThis paper examines Gloria Anzaldùa’s conceptualization of identity as a dynamic site of resistance and healing within Chicana feminist thought. Through frameworks such as mestiza consciousness, Nepantla and spiritual activism, Anzaldùa challenges Western dualisms and reimagines identity as a fluid and political space shaped by personal and collective experience. Her theories provide a powerful lens for understanding the intersections of race, gender, sexuality and spirituality. This paper also argues that her emphasis on inner transformation risks under-engaging material structures such as capitalism, state violence and environmental degradation. By situating Anzaldùa alongside key Chicana feminist scholars, the paper highlights both the transformative possibilities and the limitations of spiritual activism within contemporary movements for social justice
Things Fall Apart: Analyzing 14 Years of Conservative Rule in Britain
Full text linkThe 2024 UK elections have concluded, and the Labour Party won a landslide victory with 410 seats. This election ended the Conservatives\u27 14-year reign, which can be described as some of Britain’s most chaotic since the end of World War II. These years were marked by five different prime ministers, numerous scandals, and historic votes that have significantly altered the UK’s path and continue to have lasting consequences today. This piece will analyze the Conservative government\u27s rule from 2010 to 2024, providing an in-depth examination of its actions and their impact on the party\u27s declining popularity. The second part will analyze the 2024 election to understand how a party of its size and magnitude went from holding 344 seats to just 121, and what this means for the future of the UK
Online Speech and the Virtual Public Square: Applying the First Amendment to Social Media Platforms
Full text linkOptical Frequency Comb Stabilization as an Optical Frequency Reference
Full text linkAccurately measuring optical frequencies is an important challenge in modern physics because of the rapidity of optical oscillations. Frequency combs have revolutionized the measurement of these optical frequencies, providing us with a device that has applications in atomic clocks, precision distance measurements, molecular and atomic spectroscopy, and astronomy. Frequency combs are a special class of laser that produces many discrete, precisely known optical modes. Thus they work as a form of ruler for optical frequencies, providing us with a reference standard to measure and control other optical frequencies.
This thesis documents the design, construction, and performance of an erbium fiber mode-locked frequency comb that was built in the Cole lab at Bates College. In this process, the carrier envelope offset frequency and repetition rate of the comb are stabilized by the configuration and optimization of servo loops. Radio frequency spectra of the lock and optical comb spectra measurements are provided to document its performance. The long-term stability of the comb was also analyzed through the use of Allan deviation. The stability of the RIO laser controlling the repetition rate is the limiting factor on the overall stability of the comb so digital feedback was used to provide temperature stabilization of this laser. This improved the Allan deviation frequency precision to about 10-9. To further improve this precision, the RIO laser will be locked to an H13C14N transition via a gas cell
Culturally Significant Food & Food Sovereignty in Maine: A Culinary Exploration
No full textThis book aims to critically examine the barriers within gaining access to culturally significant food and food sovereignty in Maine. While also providing an image of what this can look like and why it’s so crucial to keep aiming high in regards to food freedom. My Recipes include dishes from Indigenous pathways, specifically Penobscot, Franco Americans, and Somalia. While these are obviously not all the cultures and communities that call Maine home, they offer crucial insight into food as a cultural tool. Enjoy these narratives that capture the beauty in culturally significant food and pathways to reach a better food future
Sensation and Perception V2
No full textSensation and Perception V2 is an introductory college textbook that explores how we detect and interpret sensory information from the world around us. Covering all five major senses—vision, audition, touch, taste, and smell—the book provides a comprehensive overview of the biological and psychological processes that underlie perception. While all sensory modalities are discussed, the primary emphasis is on vision, tracing the flow of visual information from the moment light strikes the retina through the complex mechanisms that allow us to perceive objects, color, motion, and depth.https://scarab.bates.edu/oer/1001/thumbnail.jp