International Archives of Medicine (E-Journal)
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Obtaining intraoral subepithelial connective tissue graft: Dermabrasion Technique- Case report
Get PDFObjectives: The present study aims to describe the dermabrasion technique to obtain connective tissue rich in collagen, with satisfactory thickness and anatomy, removing the epithelial layer with diamond drill in high speed handpiece and under refrigeration.
Materials and Methods: A 50-year-old patient was selected for immediate dental implant (element 25) and soft tissue augmentation in the periodontal and peri-implant region. An epithelial connective tissue graft was performed in the area comprising elements 23, 24, 25 and mesial of 26. For the preparation of the donor area of the graft, the dermabrasion technique was used through a spherical diamond drill bit (medium or thick granulation) in high speed and under refrigeration, being able to remove the epithelium without losing part of the subepithelial layer.
Results: The healing process is by second intention and presented a normal evolution with formation of adequate tissues.
Conclusions: The Dermabrasion technique allows to obtain adequate grafts, removing the epithelial layer in a simple way and guarantee the desired thickness
Mental health how (re)constitutive tool in ways of living of visually impaired persons
Get PDFObjective: to analyze mental health in the face of visual impairment, identifying the stages of psychological distress in the encounter with the not seeing. Method: This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Fifteen adults with visual impairment attended at a specialized ophthalmology ambulatory in a university hospital in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil were studied, from June to August 2015, through a semistructured interview. The speeches were analyzed based on the theory of mourning. Results: the results showed that the mental health of the visually impaired person is structured through a normative apparatus constituted of individual and social attributes dynamically constructed. These attributes are related to the constitution of stages of mourning, characterized by shock, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. The mental health of the visually impaired person contemplates the phases of normal mourning, established before the condition of visual loss, as structuring mode in a process of personal reconstruction, reflected in the ways of walking the life, proper from each one. Conclusion: With this study, it was possible to understand the ways of constitution and reconstitution of people in dealing with a new condition, the one of visual impairment, providing caregivers, family, and society with an ethical spirit and solidarity, more compliant and humane in the to deal with people with disabilities
Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Older Adult with Free Gingival Graft: Case Report
Get PDFAim: The aim of the present study was to perform the clinical evaluation of the thickness of the soft tissue around dental implants using a free gingival graft obtained from the palate.
Background: Rehabilitation in elderly patients improves physiological functions and quality of life, and when this rehabilitation involves a surgical stage, it becomes a challenge, even for more experienced surgeons.
Methods: a 64-year-old, white, female patient with a complaint of difficulty chewing and discomfort stemming from her dental status. Rehabilitation was proposed involving a multidisciplinary approach to reestablish esthetics, function and wellbeing. For such, 4.1 Bone Level Tapered® implants were installed. During the presurgical preparation, a free gingival graft was planned to increase the gingival area using the Miller technique. After establishing the suitability of the oral environment, impressions were made in alginate for the fabrication of an acrylic surgical stent to protect the donor site on the hard palate and minimize the morbidity of the surgical intervention.
Conclusion: In the case reported, the increase in the gingival tissue using a free gingival graft provided satisfactory peri-implant health in an older patient throughout annual follow-up for 15 years
Suicidal Ideation among Medical Students: An Integrative Review
Get PDFBackground: Suicide is more common among people who follow a medical career. This occurs because undergraduation course subjects students to psychologically strained situations, which can reduce their mental health and predispose them to suicidal ideation.
Objectives: To analyze the factors related to suicidal ideation among medical graduates, highlighting depression and personality traits. To check stigmas surrounding suicidal ideation.
Methodology: An integrative review study was carried out using the Scopus database (Elsevier). We selected studies published between 2014 and 2019, using two descriptors: "medical students" and "suicidal ideation".
Results and Findings: 139 scientific articles were selected, of which 10 met the eligibility criteria. Specific personality traits and depression predispose to suicide. Although the stigma of suicide and substance use is greater among men, female gender, poor financial status, and psychiatric disorders increase depression scores. Students close to graduation are more likely to cope with stress than others.
Limitations: The articles included in this work were produced using different methodologies and different measurement instruments. The prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation among students may be greater, given that stigma may favor the occurrence of response bias.
Conclusion: Rates of suicidal ideation are very prevalent in medical students. To solve this problem, medical schools should take steps to prevent adverse situations.
 
Working conditions of nurses in the Family Health Strategy
Get PDFBackground: To describe the working conditions of the nurses of the Family Health Strategy, characterizing the forms and modalities of work contract, types of bond, working hours, benefits, career plan and salaries.
Method and Findings: Exploratory qualitative approach study. Participants were 18 nurses from the teams of the Family Health Strategy of a municipality in the countryside of Mina Gerais, Brazil. The data collection took place in July 2018 through interviews, using a script with closed questions. The Ethics Committee of the proposing Institution according to Official Letter 090/2018, CAAE 83419418.2.0000.5393, approved the study. Two forms of work contracts have been identified represented by the city hall and outsourced companies, the latter being the mode that offers the most benefits to workers. In addition, there was a lack of commensurate links, in addition to units with physical infrastructure that were compromised, lack of basic materials and supllies essential for the provision of care, absence of essential benefits for this category, insalubrity, commission for productivity, long journeys and overload of work, neglect and devaluation of the worker.
Conclusions: This study should promote the managers' reflection on the working conditions offered to nurses in basic care, rethinking management models that help them cope with problems related to their work context, stimulating a healthy environment, mitigating possible occupational risks that could compromise physical or mental health of the worker.
 
Aiming for Intrasectorality: Public Safety and Health
Get PDF Question: Are Public policies that contemplate intrasectorality capable of producing better results for society, public health and safety?
Design: Descriptive study with data analysis from September 2014 to December 2015.
Participants: Civil and Military Police of São Paulo State (western region of São Paulo City).
Intervention: Analysis of criminal indicators of public health interest in the western region of São Paulo City during the period of applicability of intrasectorality as public health and safety policy.
Outcome measures: analysis of the management model and record of reports interesting to public health. The first analysis was carried out in 3 police districts, later spreading to the entire western region of São Paulo City.
Qualitative variables were based on the International Code of Diseases (ICD). The quantitative results obtained were extracted from the Criminal Intelligence System.
Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with a significance level of 95%. The software used was the bioestat 5.0 for windows.
Results: There was a reduction of 4% to 44% in criminal indicators of public health interest.
Conclusion: Intrasectorality was able to improve public health outcomes when used as public policy in police institutions, reducing the impact of violence on public health
Radiological findings in fetuses after zika infection
No full textIntroduction: After the outbreak of the Zika Virus in Brazil in 2015 the Brazilian health authorities noticed an increase on microcephaly suspected to be related to the ongoing epidemic, described as the emergence of a new teratogenic agent, ZIKV.
Objective: determine imaging prenatal findings related to Zika virus, by means of database research of 2017.
Results: the main radiological findings observed are non-hypertensive ventriculomegaly, cortical and subcortical calcifications, microcephaly,placental inflammation and placental insufficiency and other neurological findings.
Conclusion:s erial pre-natal imaging study may be considered to assess the fetuses with suggestion of the Zika virus infection. The congenital infection is of high impact on the families and to correctly diagnose and counseling preparing their homes to receive a special need newborn previous to the birth is of great value
Use of Antioxidant Substances in Intestinal Anastomosis in Rats
Get PDFIntroduction: Intestinal anastomosis consist of surgical procedures which there is an anastomotic line between two intestinal segments in order to reconstruct or divert the digestive transit. However, several complications may result from this surgical procedure.
Objective: Present, describe and discuss the findings of the literature regarding substances capable of reducing injury and possible complications of intestinal anastomoses.
Method: The data were collected by literature review using the descriptors: "intestinal anastomoses", "antioxidants"; and as basis articles published in the published Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo), Lilacs, MedLine and Pubmed databases. Inclusion criteria were original and review articles published in full in the online form in the Portuguese, Spanish and English languages, using the descriptors mentioned above in the respective languages.
Results: Scientific articles were collected, in which 38 papers were included in the inclusion criteria.
Conclusions: The major parts of substances described in the present study demonstrated be statistically relevant results and the capacity to optimize the anastomotic healing
Negative impacts of the adaptation process linked to local cultural stress levels in immigrants and development of psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground
Current studies underline and enable the international scientific community to reflect on migrant needs to restart, mostly without fluency in the language from the country of destination, without a way of proving his/her knowledges and abilities, with an incomplete family core, without cultural references that until that moment defined him/her as belonging to a specific group, with defined and meaningful habits, full of symbolic representations.
Iams
Conduct an analysis on the implications of migration in refugees’ mental health, and the link between these implications and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
Method
Indexed journals in MEDLINE and LILACS databases hosted in Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), as well as papers hosted in Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Periodicals Portal. Searches were carried using the following DeCS descriptors: “Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic”, "Refugees” e “Mental Health”.
Results
The 10 studies included in the present review were carried in Australia, Denmark, Ethiopia, Turkey, Uganda, Israel, South Korea and Papua New Guinea, and were published in 2014 (2), 2015 (6), and 2017 (2). Regarding the subject, 50% of the articles concentrate information regarding PTSD and mental health problems, while the remaining half deals with psychosocial effects of mass conflict on refugees. Meta-analysis concludes that a considerable percentage of refugees suffer from psychiatric disorder, I-squared (variation in ES attributable to heterogeneity) = 96,46%; Estimate of between-study variance Tau^2= 0.02. Test of ES=0 : z= 17.75 p= 0.00.
Conclusion
Exposure to traumatic events such as public executions and other extreme acts of violence, murder of family members, family and friends’ death due to starvation, homelessness, are closely related to PTSD prevalence in refugees. Acculturation and family’s prolonged estrangement are predictors of depressive symptoms in refugees and both exposure to a new culture and adaptation to new laws and norms of welcoming countries act as stressors and aggravators of depressive symptoms.
 
Prejudice, vulnerability, accession process, religiosity regarding the life routine with AIDS: life stories
No full textObjective: To communicate life stories of people who suffer from acquired immunodeficiency-syndrome with a higher vulnerability registered at the Municipal Secretary of Social Assistance and the diagnostic’s influence on their daily routine.
Method: Descriptive and exploratory study based on oral life history. Thirteen people with AIDs took part in the study via a semi-structured interview. The narratives were analyzed using Bardin’s thematic content analysis.
Results: Three thematic axes emerged from Bardin’s content analysis: prejudice and discrimination regarding the life routine with aids; Reaction when facing the diagnostic and the adhesion process for the antiretroviral treatment; Confrontation of religion and religiousness on people with aids.
Conclusion: The people living with aids, a chronic and stigmatizing disease, need the support of multidisciplinary teams and an improvement in relation to the access, the coverage and the meaning assigned to the disease, besides a better quality of life and social assistance. We conclude that religion did not contribute to facing these people’s conditions. It brought blame, incorrect information that may impair the treatment and their follow-up. One infers that health education regarding HIV/AIDS needs to be remodeled on all of society’s segments