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Surf and Turf: How Litigation Against Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations can Inform Regulation of the Aquaculture Industry
No full textIndustrial agriculture dominates the U.S. agricultural industry. On land, animals are stuffed into factory-like facilities, called concentrated animal feeding operations (“CAFOs”), where they are raised to maximize the output of food products. In the process, they produce vast amounts of waste, contaminating surrounding air and water resources. Increasingly, factory farms are making their way into the water as the fishing industry shifts from wild-catch systems to aquaculture operations, or the raising of fish for consumption. While aquaculture has the potential to be a more sustainable option than both wild-catch and animal agriculture, concentrated aquatic animal production facilities (“CAAPFs”) also have the capability to cause environmental harm similar to their land-based counterparts. This Note will focus on the water pollution caused by CAFOs and CAAPFs. It will examine past approaches to address the problem with CAFOs through litigation under the Clean Water Act (“CWA”) and analyze why CWA litigation is not enough to prevent pollution from CAFOs. It will then describe some cases against CAAPFs, pointing out the similarities to CAFO cases and arguing that before advocates begin relying principally on litigation, they should fight for a more robust aquaculture statute instead. The Note will discuss the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 and the current aquaculture regime, explaining the complexities and difficulties with this structure. It will conclude with suggestions for a better statutory regime, learning from what CAFO regulations lack to help the aquaculture industry develop as a truly sustainable and economical food source that can sustain the U.S. population for years to come
Climate Preemption and Fossil Fuel Entrenchment
No full textMitigating the worst impacts of climate change demands a rapid reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a transition to renewable, low-carbon sources of energy. This requires building thousands of gigawatts of clean energy at an unprecedented rate and expeditiously retiring existing fossil fuel infrastructure. Yet both parts of this task have been obstructed by state legislative efforts over the last decade—particularly in Republican-led states—to block local governments from reducing greenhouse gas emissions while legally mandating continued fossil fuel reliance. These efforts are accomplished through state climate preemption laws. Framed in neutral or positive terms like “energy choice,” the actual effect of these laws is to distort federalism and undermine democratic control over energy and environmental policy. This Article examines the rise of these climate preemption laws. It builds on the preemption literature by constructing a taxonomy of climate preemption laws across sectors and demonstrating that these laws function as legal tools of fossil fuel entrenchment. It also explores how the fossil fuel industry has shaped state-level policymaking to defend its interests while funding opposition to regulation and market change. In so doing, this Article argues that state preemption laws have become deliberate tools of fossil fuel entrenchment that undermine decarbonization, frustrate local democracy, and lock in emissions for decades to come
Forever Un-Wild: How the Forever Wild Clause “Locks Up” New York’s Closed Correctional Facilities
No full textArticle XIV of the New York State Constitution, better known as the “Forever Wild Clause,” enshrines a conservationist ideal into law. The crux of article XIV prohibits the leasing, selling, or exchanging of state-owned land within New York’s Forest Preserve to private entities. Since its inception, this mandate has dictated the State’s approach to management of its Forest Preserve. Whenever New York decides to excise a piece of its Forest Preserve, the cumbersome yet necessary constitutional amendment process is triggered. Renewed attention to this legal requirement is peaking. Since 2009, five former Department of Corrections and Community Supervision sites located in the Forest Preserve have closed. These sites sit “locked up” because an amendment is required to free them from Forest Preserve protection, allowing for their sales to private parties for repurposing. However, the State continues to make no progress in this area. As the amendment process stalls and building decay sets in, the Forever Wild Clause jeopardizes the futures of these sites while negatively impacting the local communities’ socio-economic wellbeing. This Note investigates the history and motivations behind New York’s Forest Preserve with specific attention paid to the Adirondack Park and the amendment process’ complexities. This Note proposes new solutions to this problem, including an amendment to change the definition of the Forest Preserve to exclude correctional facilities, and the transfer of these sites to a State agency or Public Benefit Corporation capable of repurposing them as a method to bypass the amendment process. More broadly, this Note explores how, while indispensable to preservation, the Forever Wild Clause impinges upon the wild-ideal its creators envisioned by locking up land not initially intended for its protection and creating hardship for the surrounding communities
Musical Theatre Acting
No full textMusical theatre performers are akin to Olympic athletes. They need finely tuned minds, bodies, and spirits to perform at a high level, in some cases up to eight times a week. JV Mercanti has trained countless emerging performers in Pace University\u27s acclaimed Musical Theatre program. His teachings take readers through a journey of engaging the full self when it comes to creating a performance, and his extensive knowledge covers everything from script analysis and character research to auditions and rehearsals. Musical Theatre Acting: A Practical Guide serves as a guide to the musical theatre artist, student, or professional who needs a refresher on how to hone and sharpen their skills while honoring their interpretation of the material. This is a short and accessible roadmap for the performer who knows that success in musical theatre means being part of storytelling that is holistic and incredible -- Back cover.https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/bookshelf/1019/thumbnail.jp
Mind the Gap: An Exploration into the Accessibility, Ease of Use, and Design of Public Transport Wayfinding
Full text linkWayfinding, an essential aspect of public transport, is not always accessible, user-friendly, or well-designed. Because of this, people with disabilities, language barriers, or other difficulties understanding information or navigating public transport are put at a disadvantage. This thesis explores prior research and projects, as well as in-depth case studies of three cities\u27 public transport systems, to identify best practices and guiding principles for enhancing accessibility, ease of use, and design. These principles can be incorporated into a unifying standard to improve public transport wayfinding and bridge gaps in existing systems
A Love Letter to Puerto Rico: Reggaetón as a Platform for Anti-Colonial Protest and Bad Bunny\u27s Advocacy for Indigenous Sovereignty
Full text linkThis study explores the intersections of colonial history, cultural identity, and musical resistance through a rhetorical analysis of Bad Bunny’s 2025 album, Debí Tirar Más Fotos. Grounded in the context of Puerto Rico’s colonial relationship with the United States, I examine how reggaetón — a genre historically rooted in resistance — continues to serve as a platform for political expression and cultural reclamation. As reggaetón moves into the global mainstream, questions arise around the tension between commercial success and cultural authenticity. Focusing on Bad Bunny as both a cultural icon and political figure, this thesis considers how Debí Tirar Más Fotos functions as a means of pushing back against oppressive systems while highlighting and celebrating Puerto Rican identity and expression. Through the employment of rhetorical analysis using Karlyn Kohrs Campbells (1996) descriptive analysis approach, the album’s lyrical content, musical choices, and cultural context are examined to understand how the album functions as a form of counter-hegemonic discourse. At its core, the album engages with Puerto Rican identity shaped by colonialism and the Puerto Rican diaspora, confronting the impacts of political corruption, gentrification, and tourism on the island while simultaneously asserting a bold sense of place and belonging as a form of resistance to forces attempting to drive out the indigenous people of the island. Ultimately, Debí Tirar Más Fotos reclaims the origins of reggaetón by blending storytelling with political critique, positioning music as an influential space for cultural affirmation and anti-colonial expression
Using State Policy to Neutralize Green Infrastructure Project-Ending Litigation and Strategically Advance Community Engagement
Full text linkIn May 2023, Governor Gavin Newsome publicly announced a California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) reform bill (SB 149), which he signed into law on July 10, 2023. From the moment this was announced, the proposal was barraged by pushback, not from climate negative industry, but from major environmental groups, including the National Resource Defense Council and the Sierra Club, among others. Why is this? One reason is that permit reform has historically been championed by the fossil fuel industry as a method for cutting red tape to make resource exploration faster, easier, and less costly. Even so, the ratio of new fossil fuel infrastructure projects and new clean energy projects has shifted, and, now, new clean energy projects make up the larger share. As a result of litigation against permitting when fossil fuel projects held the far greater share in decades passed, today, permitting has been the nail in the coffin for crucial environmental infrastructure projects. Why is there still so much push back from within the environmental community on this particular solution to the climate crisis? After a brief orientation of the issues that supply-side liberalism is poised to resolve, this article will, first, review recently published literature on this topic through an environmental justice lens and assess existing recommendations for permit reform. Then, this article will explore litigation regarding transmission line buildout in Arkansas and offshore wind buildout in New Jersey - a state with ambitious climate and, specifically, offshore wind goals but without any policies which directly deter litigants who wish to challenge these projects. Finally, this article will use Governor Newsom’s reform bill and its objections as a case study for litigation limitations as one possible solution to the phenomenon of environmental groups’ litigations that are in direct conflict with permit reform designed to accelerate the clean energy transition. Ultimately, this article argues that in order for permit reform to be at all meaningful, it must necessarily include litigation limitation provisions which are keenly designed to magnify voices within underserved community groups and minimize blockage from “Not In My Backyard” (“NIMBY”) groups. If these kinds of provisions are not included, the permitting reforms will risk the very point of their design - expedited buildout of green energy infrastructure - because of protracted and costly litigation from wealthy litigants that too often sound death knolls for key clean energy infrastructure projects
Law Schools as Anti-Dialogic Spaces
Full text linkTalk is learning’s secret weapon. Yet, talk is chronically undervalued as a learning tool. Dialogic talk, a rigorous, student-centered discursive approach, extends classroom dialogue beyond information exchange to stimulate critical thinking. Talk bolsters thought, generates ideas, expands knowledge, and crystalizes concepts to solidify understanding. Talk powers classroom dialogue through questions, discussion, argument, and interthinking, facilitating the exchange of ideas and information leading to deep learning.
Law school classrooms are paradoxically immersed in talk yet simultaneously anti-dialogic spaces. Despite the Socratic method’s reliance on dialogue, talk in law school is teacher-controlled and interrogative, muting student voices through hierarchical power dynamics.
This Article advocates for the transformative potential of dialogic talk in legal education. Drawing on empirical research, this Article proposes that rigorous discursive pedagogy, centered on dialogic talk, supports law students’ cognitive development, reading comprehension, critical analysis, and engagement. Dialogic spaces leverage academic rigor while creating collective, reciprocal learning communities where students can express their viewpoints, critique others, and develop their legal reasoning.
Dialogic talk is a powerful learning tool that enhances learning outcomes while simultaneously strengthening critical thinking, analytical skills, and academic rigor central to legal education.
Building on calls for reform for more inclusive law school spaces, this Article advocates for dialogic talk as a transformative approach to legal instruction. This Article discusses how small, intentional steps increase dialogic talk in law classrooms by including more student voices, incorporating more opportunities for students to think through or talk through questions before responding, and asking more open-ended questions that reveal student thinking
Ride A-Cock Horse to Banbury & A Farm Went Trotting upon his Gray Mare - Interior Page
No full textRide A-Cock Horse to Banbury & A Farm Went Trotting upon his Gray Mare
Series: Randolph Caldecott’s Picture Books
Author/Illustrator: Randoph Caldecott
Publisher: London: New York: Frederick Warne and Co., Ltd. (no publication date)https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/rarebooks/1017/thumbnail.jp