Proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications (DCMI)
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Assessing BIBFRAME 2.0: Exploratory Implementation in Metadata Maker
No full textAs interest in linked data grows throughout the cultural heritage community, it is necessary to critically assess current tools for conversion and creation of linked data "records" and to explore new avenues for creating and encoding data using existing frameworks. This paper discusses the BIBFRAME 2.0 model and Library of Congress conversion specifications from MARC21 through the process of designing and implementing an adapted, minimal-level conversion framework into the cataloging web application, Metadata Maker. In the process of assessment, we identified and addressed local solutions for three key structural issues resulting from the Library of Congress conversion specifications: duplicated data, pervasiveness of blank nodes in RDF/XML, and prevalence of literal data values over URIs stemmed from the current MARC records environment. Additionally, we address concerns with how the BIBFRAME 2.0 model currently conceptualizes Work and linked data as a static "record.
Japan Search RDF Schema: A Dual-Layered Approach to Describe Items from Heterogeneous Data Sources
No full textThe National Diet Library, Japan (NDL), with support by Xenon Limited Partners, has designed a new metadata schema based on the RDF model while developing a national platform for metadata aggregation and sharing, "Japan Search". Japan Search collects metadata from libraries, museums, archives, and research institutions across the country, and provides an integrated search service as well as APIs (SPARQL Endpoint and REST-API). The aim of this paper is to introduce the new schema, highlighting its dual-layered data model and the normalization of temporal (When), spatial (Where), and agential (Who) information provided in the source data
Linked Open Data for Subject Discovery: Assessing the Alignment between Library of Congress Vocabularies and Wikidata
No full textLinked open data (LOD) has long been touted as a means to enhancing discovery of library resources through the use of robust links between related items and concepts. Recently, libraries have begun to experiment with LOD sources such as Wikidata and DBpedia to harness usercontributed resources and enhance information displayed in library discovery systems. The Michigan State University Libraries (MSUL) Digital Repository Team has embarked on a project to display contextual information from Wikidata and DBpedia in "knowledge cards" (informational pop-up windows) alongside subject headings with the goal of providing users with more information on items in the digital repository. This paper will briefly describe this project and outline a quality analysis initiative meant to evaluate linkages between Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) and Wikidata as well as the results of this analysis. It will also address a number of challenges encountered in terms of mapping between different controlled vocabularies. Finally, it will conclude with possible next steps for improving the accuracy of knowledge cards and the LOD that supports them
Analog/Digital Lp Collection: Linked Metadata between a Library Discovery and Digital Collection Platform
No full textYet Another Metadata Application Profile (YAMA): Authoring, Versioning and Publishing of Application Profiles
No full textMetadata Application Profiles are the elementary blueprints of any Metadata Instance. Efforts like the Singapore Framework for Dublin Core Application Profiles define the framework for designing metadata application profiles to ensure interoperability and reusability. However, the number of publicly accessible, especially machine actionable application profiles are significantly lower. Domain experts find it difficult to create application profiles, considering the technical aspects, costs and disproportionate incentives. Lack of easy-to-use tools for Metadata Application Profile creation is also a reason for lack of larger reach. This paper proposes Yet Another Metadata Application Profile (YAMA) as a user-friendly interoperable preprocessor for creating, maintaining and publishing Metadata Application Profiles. YAMA helps to produce various formats and standards to express the Metadata Application Profiles, changelogs, and different versions, with an expectation of simplifying Metadata Application Profile creation process for domain experts. YAMA includes an integrated syntax for recording application profiles as well as changes between different versions. A proof of concept toolkit, demonstrating the capabilities of YAMA is also being developed. YAMA boasts a human readable yet machine actionable syntax and format, which is seamlessly adaptable to modern version control workflows and expandable for any specific requirements
Remodeling Archival Metadata Descriptions for Linked Archives
No full textThough archival resources may be valued for their uniqueness, they do not exist in isolation from each other, and stand to benefit from linked data treatments capable of exposing them to a wider network of resources and potential users. To leverage these benefits, existing, item-level metadata depicting physical materials and their digitized surrogates must be remodeled as linked data. A number of solutions exist, but many current models in this domain are complex and may not capture all relevant aspects of larger, heterogeneous collections of media materials. This paper presents the development of the Linked Archives model, a linked data approach to making item-level metadata available for archival collections of media materials, including photographs, sound recordings, and video recordings. Developed and refined through an examination of existing collection and item metadata alongside comparisons to established domain ontologies and vocabularies, this model takes a modular approach to remodeling archival data as linked data. Current efforts focused on a simplified, user discovery focused module intended to improve access to these materials and the incorporation of their metadata into the wider web of data. This project contributes to work exploring the representation of the range of archival and special collections and how these materials may be addressed via linked data models
Wikidata's Linked Data for Cultural Heritage Digital Resources: An Evaluation Based on the Europeana Data Model
No full textWikidata is an open data source with many potential applications. Our study aims to evaluate the usability of Wikidata as a linked data source for acquiring richer descriptions of digital objects within the context of Europeana, a data aggregator from the cultural heritage domain. Specifically, we aim to crawl and convert Wikidata using the standard approaches and operations developed for the (Semantic) Web of Data, i.e. using technologies like linked data consumption and RDF(S)/OWL ontology expression and reasoning. We also seek to re-use existing "semantic" specifications, such as conversions to and from generic data models like Schema.org and SKOS. We have developed an experimental set-up and accompanying software to test the feasibility of this approach. We conclude that Wikidata’s linked data is able to express an interesting level of semantics for cultural heritage, but quality can still be improved and a human operator still must assist linked data applications to interpret Wikidata’s RDF
Using Metadata Record Graphs to Understand Digital Library Metadata
No full textDigital collections in cultural heritage institutions are increasingly digitizing physical items, collecting born-digital items, and making these resources available online. Metadata plays a crucial role in the discovery and management of these collections, which makes it important to identify areas of metadata improvement. A number of frameworks and associated metrics support metadata evaluation but this paper focuses on a less-studied aspect of accessibility by using traditional network analysis to understand the connections between metadata records created through shared data values, in elements such as subject or creator. The goal of the research reported in this paper is to investigate potential uses of network analysis and to determine which metrics hold the most promise in effective assessment of metadata at the database or collection level. We introduce the Metadata Record Graph and analyze how it can be used to better understand various-sized collections of metadata
Japanese Visual Media Graph: Providing researchers with data from enthusiast communities
No full textA Case Study of Japanese Textbook Linked Open Data: Publishing a Small Bibliographic Collection from a Special Library
No full textJapanese Textbook Linked Open Data (LOD) is an LOD dataset of bibliographic and educational information that has been organized over the years by the Library of Education at the National Institute for Educational Policy Research. The dataset consists of bibliographic information for 7,548 volumes of Japanese textbooks authorized from 1992 to 2017, and provides 219,018 Resource Description Framework (RDF) triples as of April 2019. This paper reports a case study of the development and publication of Japanese Textbook LOD