Journal of Public Health Research (PAGEPress Publications)
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Assessment of the work conditions of small slaughterhouses in the Thi-Qar governorate in Iraq
Full text linkBackground: Working conditions have a vital role to play in determining health and disability. So, the objective of this study was to assess the work conditions of small slaughterhouses in the Thi-Qar governorate in Iraq.Design and methods: This study is a cross-sectional field survey. A total of twenty-six (26) small slaughterhouses were included as a sample size from the Thi-Qar governorate. The data collection was done by observations of the authors using a questionnaire and specific questions were also directed to the slaughterhouse workers if needed. It was conducted between February and April 2018. The study was planned to demonstrate the current status of small slaughterhouses in terms of water supply facilities, quality of small slaughterhouses building, sanitation practices.Results: All of the small slaughterhouses had a water supply and all they had hot and cold water. Most of the small slaughterhouses had water tanks and put water pipes away from slaughter sites. The proportions ranged from 76.9 to 96.0 for the quality of small slaughterhouses building. With regard to fire safety measures, 96.2% of buildings are supplied with mobile fire extinguishing equipment according to safety and security requirements. Concerning rodent and insects’ control, sixteen (61.5%) of small slaughterhouses use insecticides and pesticides and only six (23.1%) of them use traps for rodents. Most of the small slaughterhouses’ windows (88.5%) were covered with a thin net to prevent the insects from entering.Conclusions: The finding of this study indicated that work conditions of small slaughterhouses were generally adequate in terms of water supply facilities, sanitation practices, ventilation, fire safety measures, and rodents and insects’ control. 
Patients’ satisfactions on the waiting period at the emergency units. Comparison study before and during COVID-19 pandemic
Full text linkBackground: This paper analyzes the patients' experience and satisfaction regarding the waiting period at the emergency unit's hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design and methods: Brainstorming methodology and data analysis from the public domain used on male and female patients in a private hospital in a middle eastern country. The data analyzed seek the patients' level of satisfaction about the waiting period before entering the treatment area, inside the treatment area before the doctor's check, and during the rest period after the doctor's visit. The customer’s satisfaction is a significant measure during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it may affect the patient’s perspective of the facility. A paired t-test at 95% confidence level was conducted.Results and Conclusions: The results indicated no difference in satisfaction of the period spent in the emergency room before and during the pandemic
Effectiveness of a health literacy intervention based on transformative learning and incorporating positive psychology on health behavior and well-being of Thai families with NCDs risk
Full text linkBackground: Thailand has a higher global NCD mortality rate in comparison to the rest of the world, accounting for 75% and 71% of all deaths. WHO focused increasingly on health literacy (HL) in order to decrease NCDs. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an HL intervention utilizing transformative learning and positive psychology with mindfulness training in terms of changing levels of HL, health behavior (HB), and health outcomes. Design and methods: The study was a randomized control trial from May to September 2019. The participants were a rural Thai population with low levels of HL, living in an area with high levels of NCDs. The 200 participants were cluster randomly allocated to an eight-week intervention, and the control group. The data were collected by Likert questionnaires and physical exams, and analyzed via ANOVA. Results: The intervention group mean scores for HL, psychological capital, HB, and family well-being increased from baseline to post-intervention, but decreased during the follow-up but were still significantly higher than the control group and baseline scores. The increases in HL and HB were matched by improvements in physiological measurement. The BMI scores of the intervention group decreased in each phase, while the control group scores remained largely unchanged. An intervention group had significantly lower fasting blood sugar than the controls at the intervention and in the follow-up. There was no interaction between social support and any other variables.Conclusions: This program demonstrated improvements in HL, HB and the well-being of Thai families at risk of NCDs in rural communities
The effectiveness of baby massage in increasing infant’s body weight
Full text linkBackground: The low birth weight (LBW) problem is found in various developing countries with an increasing trend of cases every year. This is caused by nutritional status and a history of maternal health. The impact of LBW in children is they are more likely to experience delayed growth and development. This study aims to identify the effect of baby massage on infants’ body weight.Design and Methods: The research design used was quasi-experimental pre and post-test type with control group. There were 16 infants for each group selected by purposive sampling. Baby massage was given to the infants twice a week within four weeks, 10 to 15 min per session. Data analysis was used paired t-test and independent t-test.Results: The mean age of infants was 3.69 months for both group, the mean age at birth was 37.8 weeks (intervention) and 38 weeks (control), the mean birth weight of infants was 2,295 grams (intervention) and 2,288 grams (control). Most of the infants was male for both group. There was an effect of baby massage on the increase in infants’ weight gain with a history of low birth weight significantly with a p value <0.05.Conclusions: Baby massage can increase infants’ weight with a history of low birth weight aged 1-6 months. The role of health workers is to provide education and practice baby massage for mothers in order to stimulate the growth and development of infants. This intervention can be integrated with maternal and child health programs in primary health care facilities
Partners’ behavior as the main cause of domestic violence experienced by pregnant adolescents in Jakarta
Full text linkBackground: Adolescent pregnancy leads to a variety of complex problems. Adolescents with an unwanted pregnancy potentially face a stigma or rejection by parents and friends as well as facing threats to be a victim of domestic violence. Violence experienced by pregnant adolescents has a negative impact on the health status of the mother and their fetus. This study aimed to identify the factors triggering domestic violence on pregnant adolescents in Jakarta.Design and Methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional study with convenience sampling (n = 230). The tools used for data collection were questionnaires.Results: The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with domestic violence suffered by pregnant adolescents were the partner's violence history (p=0.000), partner's behaviors (p=0.000), economic status (p=0.002) and family's support (p=0.03). The partner's behavior was the most influential factor that contributed 73.96 times the potential occurrences of domestic violence against pregnant adolescents (p=0.000; OR=73.96).Conclusions: The involvement of the partner during the pregnancy process is necessary for understanding and comprehension of the changes which may possibly occur due to the partner’s pregnancy
Relationship between marriage readiness and pregnancy planning among prospective brides
Full text linkBackground: The growing marriage rates need to be followed with marriage readiness and pregnancy planning to become parents. The readiness of marriage includes age readiness, physical, financial, mental, emotional, social, moral, interpersonal, intellectual, and life skills. Unprepared marriage can have an impact on domestic violence and divorce. The readiness of marriage should be balanced with the existence of important pregnancy planning carried out to realize reproductive rights responsibly and the government program movement 1000 The First Day of Life as a golden period of child development, and avoid unplanned pregnancy in 4T conditions. Marriage readiness of prospective bride affects the readiness to maintain health of children in the future.Design and Methods: This research aimed to determine the relationship between marriage readiness and pregnancy planning among prospective brides. A correlative descriptive design with a cross-sectional method is used with a convenience sampling technique in determining the respondents, and obtained a total of 258 respondents.Results: The results showed a meaningful relationship between marital readiness and pregnancy planning (p=0.000, α=0.05).Conclusions: This study recommends education of pregnancy planning and readiness before marriage, both physical and psychological, with interactive media and nurse cooperation with community cadres in socialization on wedding preparation and preconceptions that are not only attended by prospective brides, but also women of childbearing age and adolescence in minimizing misinformation in unmarried women
Turnover among foreign nurses in Saudi Arabia
Full text linkBackground: Globally, nursing turnover has become a contemporary concern that significantly influences the financial proficiency of healthcare systems. Not only costs, but healthcare accessibility and quality also reverberate the consequence of the phenomenon.Design and methods: The study explores the factors that attribute to turnover among foreign registered nurses working in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative-based cross-sectional descriptive study design that uses survey data to make statistical inferences about foreign nurse turnover in Saudi Arabia, was conducted to ascertain factors influencing the termination of foreign nurses working with the Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals.Results: Factors influencing turnover were categorized into 9 dimensions, professional growth and development, leadership style, management, wage and benefits, workload, interpersonal relationship, housing facilities and services, hospital facilities and intent to stay and turn-over intention, of which the professional growth (4.1±0.7) and development had the highest mean agreement scores (4.0±1.1), whereas housing (2.3±1.3) and hospital facilities (2.1±1.0) showed the lowest mean scores. Conclusions: Wage benefits and workload factors were found to be the most significant causes of expatriate nursing turnover, closely followed by inadequate housing and hospital facilities. Recommendations from nursing staff on how to improve retention were also noted
Differences of mentally ill patients’ satisfaction degree during their involuntary or voluntary stay in a psychiatric clinic
Full text linkBackground: Mental health illness is not considered as a private matter, as it affects not only the mental patient's life and those who are considered his/her immediate family, but also the society as a whole. The involuntary examination and/or hospitalization in the field of mental health as the basic first-line therapeutic solution in Greece, calls for an immediate intervention, which is supposed to counterbalance the need for therapy and patient's rights of personal freedom and safety.Design and methods: A research using questionnaire was realized, consisting of 100 hospitalized patients in psychiatric clinics (50 voluntarily and 50 involuntarily hospitalized) at the Psychiatric Hospital of Attica. The sampling scheme was the stratified sampling and the level of statistical significance was set to α=0.05.Results: The results have shown that involuntarily and voluntarily hospitalized mental patients did not differ significantly with almost the entirety of the questionnaire; however, the involuntary patients were significantly more satisfied with the conditions of hospitalization as well as assessing the overall quality of the services provided during their hospitalization.Conclusions: For mentally ill patients, greater importance and stronger correlation with gratification, does not constitute the admission procedure to the psychiatric clinic but the development of effective communication and therapeutic relationship with the staff, full knowledge and update about patient’s health condition, medication, participation in therapeutic planning and hospitalization in a regime of autonomy and respect for their rights
Low intake of essential amino acids and other risk factors of stunting among under-five children in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: The lack of energy-protein intake has been shown to increase the risk of stunting in under-five children. The quality of protein in food is assessed by the completeness of amino acid content. This study aims to determine the amount of essential amino acid (EAAs) intake and other risk factors of stunting among under-five children.Design and methods: A descriptive, case-control study was performed in the work area of Kedungkandang Health Center Malang. The subjects were 24-59 month-old children with a total of 23 stunted (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) <-2 SD) and 57 normal children (HAZ ≥-2 SD). Furthermore, the data were collected using anthropometric measurement, validated and pre-tested questionnaires, which were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.Results: The intake of all the nine EAAs in stunted children was lower than that of non-stunted children. However, only histidine, isoleucine, and methionine were significantly different (p<0.05). The significant risk factors of stunting include a family income per month fewer than the Regional Minimum Wages [OR=12.06, 95% CI 1.83-79.53], being underweight [OR=7.11, 95% CI 1.49-33.93], breastfeeding of less than 6 months [OR=5.34, 95% CI 1.28-22.20], and the lack of EAA methionine intake [OR=0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.67]. Conclusions: Stunted children may not receive sufficient dietary intake of EAAs in their diet. Furthermore, the lack of EAAs intake, especially methionine, alongside low family income, underweight, lack of breastfeeding and variety in food consumption were the risk factors of stunting among under-five children in a selected Health Center in Malang City, Indonesia
Intervention empowerment of families in preventing and controlling overweight and obesity in children: A systematic review
Full text linkThere have been an increasing overweight and obesity in very anxious children. Furthermore, obesity is a condition that occurs due to the accumulation of excess or abnormal fat. This disorder is believed to be the most significant public health problem that affects children in the 21st century. This study aimed to examine the literature review, articles and research results analyzing the effectiveness of family or parent empowerment interventions through health education. Many research articles were searched on several databases such as PubMed and PreQuest, using the following keywords which include "family empowerment", "overweight", "obesity", "health lifestyle", "BMI", "children", "RCT" starting from 2014 to 2019. The searched results obtained 162 articles on family empowerment, overweight and obesity. Out of the 162 articles, 20 were selected that discussed family empowerment interventions for overweight and obesity. Critical analysis of the 20 articles was carried out based on design, sample, treatment, parameters, findings and conclusions. The literature review analysis showed that family empowerment interventions in the form of health education or promotion activities vary widely in terms of methods, components, duration, individuals involved, specificity and effectiveness. Furthermore, this intervention consists of training activities, courses, and teaching practices. Statistical analysis showed that all these methods significantly increased the ability and independence of the family in controlling overweight and obesity. In conclusion, health education interventions that are packaged in various programs are proven to significantly improve the ability of families or parents in preventing and controlling overweight and obesity in children